Læknablaðið - 15.10.1997, Blaðsíða 16

640
LÆKNABLAÐIÐ 1997; 83
Mat á heilsufari og hjúkrunarþörf á
elli- og hjúkrunarheimilum
RAI mælitækið, þróun þess og sýnishorn af íslenskum
niðurstöðum
Pálmi V. Jónsson12’, Anna Birna Jensdóttir1’, Hlíf Guðmundsdóttir1,31, Hrafn Pálsson4’, Ingibjörg
Hjaltadóttir1’, Ómar Harðarson5’, Sigurbjörg Sigurgeirsdóttir6’
Jónsson PV, Jensdóttir AB, Guðmundsdóttir H,
Páisson H, Hjaltadóttir I, Harðarson Ó, Sigurgeirs-
dóttir S
Assessment of heaith and caring needs in nursing
homes. The Resident Assessment Instrument, its de-
velopment and some pilot study results
Læknablaðið 1997; 83: 640-7
Those elderly living in institutions have multiple
social, health and mental problems, in addition to
loss of function. The Resident Assessment Instru-
ment assesses the individual in detail and his caring
needs. Resident Assessment Protocols come with
the instrument and a handbook that describes how
to evaluate specific problems further.Quality indica-
tors allow comparisons between institutions and
thus the quality of care can be assessed in compara-
ble groups of residents. The elderly can be put into
defined resource utilisation groups and an average
cost calculated per unit or nursing home.
A pilot study was conducted in Iceland in 1994 to
examine the utility of the instrument. It was shown
that most of the residents were viewed as competent
Frá '’öldrunarsviði Sjúkrahúss Reykjavíkur, 2,læknadeild
Háskóla Islands, 3lnámsbraut í hjúkrunarfræði, Háskóla ís-
lands, ‘‘’Heilbrigðis- og tryggingamálaráðuneytinu, 5)Hag-
stofu íslands, 6,öldrunarþjónustudeild Félagsmálastofnunar
Reykjavíkurborgar. Fyrirspurnir, bréfaskipti: Pálmi V. Jóns-
son, öldrunarsviði Sjúkrahúss Reykjavíkur, Fossvogi, 108
Reykjavík. Sími 525 1000; bréfsími 525 1552; netfang:
palmi@shr.is
Lykilorð: aldraðir, mat, hjúkrunarheimili, matslyklar,
þyngdarstuðlar.
according to documents, even if about half of them
had considerable cognitive dysfunction. Dementia
was the most common diagnosis. One fourth of the
residents took antidepressant medications and 54-
62% took sedatives or hypnotic drugs. Eight out of
10 had dentures and one third had difficulty chew-
ing. Many more interesting findings showed up that
are described in a special report.
From ”Dpt. of Geriatric Medicine, Reykjavík Hospital, 2)Uni-
versity of lceland, School of Medicine, 3,Dpt. of Nursing,
University of lceland, 4,Ministry of Health and Social Securi-
ty, 5,lcelandic Statistical Bureau, 6,Dpt. for the Elderly, So-
cial Service Dpt., Reykjavík.
Correspondence: Pálmi V. Jónsson, Dpt. of Geriatric
Medicine, Reykjavík Hospital, 108 Reykjavík. Tel.: (354)
525 1000; fax: (354) 525 1552; e-mail: palmi@shr.is
Key words: elderly, assessment, nursing home, RAI,
MDS, RUGS.
Ágrip
Aldraðir sem dvelja á stofnunum búa við
margvíslegan félagslegan, heilsufarslegan og
andlegan vanda, auk færnitaps. Lýst er RAI
mælitækinu (Resident Assessment Instru-
ment) sem metur ítarlega heilsufar og aðbúnað
aldraðra á stofnunum. Mælitækinu fylgja mats-
lyklar og leiðbeiningarhandbók sem lýsa við-
brögðum við greindum vandamálum. Gæða-
vísar gera kleift að meta gæði þeirrar umönn-
unar sem veitt er á einstökum stofnunum.
Jafnframt er hægt að reikna út svokallaða
þyngdarstuðla sem gefa til kynna kostnað við
að annast mismunandi hópa aldraðra innan
elli- og hjúkrunarheimilanna.
Forkönnun var gerð á notagildi RAI mæli-