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centric convictions, so have the Orient and the colonies been ab-
sorbed, analysed, and constructed by Western and imperial ideolo-
gies.
It is clear therefore that numerous elements of both feminist and
postcolonial theory point towards an association between the two,
especially in terms of the marginalisation of women and colonised
people in the context of patriarchy and Empire. Furthermore, the
idea of “double colonisation”, which emphasises that “women in
formerly colonised societies were doubly colonised by both imperial
and patriarchal ideologies” (Ashcroft et al. 1995: 250, their empha-
sis) has great bearing on this relationship between patriarchy and
Empire. This correlation between feminist and postcolonial ideas is
very relevant to the stories by Jenkins that are the subject of this
paper. First of all, the relationships of Ronald McDonald with the
Sino-Dusun Jenny in The Expatriates, and of Andrew McAndrick
with the Celebes-born Imelda in “Imelda and the Miserly Scot,” are
arguably epitomes of the existing correlation between imperial and
male subjugation of the native and female subject. Although Jenny
and Imelda’s respective positions as McDonald’s and McAndrick’s
mistresses differ in that Jenny is McDonald’s servant while Imelda
is more simply McAndrick’s live-in mistress, both Scotsmen view
their women more as property than as their sweethearts, obviously
chiefly because of Jenny’s and Imelda’s colour and native origin.
Accordingly, the imperial power, although it has already withdrawn
its influence in that Kalimantan is now an independent country, is
here exercised through the means of a white man’s sexual domi-
nance over a native woman. Being Eastern, and thereby accustomed
to the power structure of patriarchy in their own society, Jenny and
Imelda are thus subjected to and marginalised by both patriarchy
and Empire; they are doubly colonised—subjugated by two preva-
lent ideologies.
McDonald’s and McAndrick’s sense of sexually possessing their
mistresses is obviously strengthened by their strong assumption of
racial superiority and their deep-set prejudice against dark coloured
skin, and these sentiments are further manifested in other British
characters in the two narratives. There are obvious and clear-cut
borders between white and coloured in the communities presented.
SURRENDER AND SACRIFICE