Læknablaðið - 15.03.2011, Side 16

FRÆÐIGREINAR
RANNSÓKN
Heimildir
1. Huyghe E, Matsuda T, Thonneau P. Increasing incidence of
testicular cancer worldwide: a review. J Urol 2003; 170: 5-11.
2. www.krabbameinsskra.is
3. www-dep.iarc.fr
4. Dieckmann KP, Pichlmeier U. Clinical epidemiology of
testicular germ cell tumors. World J Urol 2004; 22: 2-14.
5. McGlynn KA, Devesa SS, Graubard BI, Castle PE. Increasing
incidence of testicular germ cell tumors among black men in
the United States. J Clin Oncol 2005; 23: 5757-61.
6. Schmiedel S, Schuz J, Skakkebaek NE, Johansen C. Testicular
Germ Cell Cancer Incidence in an Immigration Perspective,
Denmark, 1978 to 2003. J Urol 2010; 183:1378-82.
7. Tseng A Jr, Horning SJ, Freiha FS, Resser KJ, Hannigan JF
Jr, Torti FM. Gynecomastia in testicular cancer patients.
Prognostic and therapeutic implications. Cancer 1985; 56:
2534-8.
8. Shaw J. Diagnosis and treatment of testicular cancer. Am Fam
Physician 2008; 77: 469-74.
9. Gudbjartsson T, Magnusson K, Bergthorsson J, et al. A
population-based analysis of increased incidence and
improved survival of testicular cancer patients in Iceland.
Scand J Urol Nephrol 2003; 37: 292-8.
10. Agnarsson BA, Gudbjartsson T, Einarsson GV, et al.
Testicular germ cell tumours in Iceland: a nationwide
clinicopathological study. APMIS 2006; 114: 779-83.
11. Shintaku I, Satoh M, Okajima E, et al. Survival of metastatic
germ cell cancer patients assessed by intemational germ cell
consensus classification in Japan. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2008; 38:
281-7.
12. Guðbjartsson T, Bjömsson R, Magnússon K, Bjömsson S,
Einarsson GV. Góðar lífshorfur karla með sáðkrabbamein:
afturskyggn rannsókn á íslenskum körlum greindum 1971-
1990. Læknablaðið 1996; 82: 202-8.
13. Bjömsson R, Guðbjartsson T, Magnússon K, Guðlaugsson
EG, Bjömsson S, Einarsson GV. Frjófrumuæxli í eistum önnur
en sáðkrabbamein: gerbreyttar horfur: afturskyggn rannsókn
á íslandi 1971-1995. Læknablaðið 1997; 7: 477-85.
14. Boden G, Gibb R. Radiotherapy and testicular neoplasms.
Lancet 1951; 2:1195-7.
15. Richiardi L, Bellocco R, Adami HO, et al. Testicular cancer
incidence in eight northem European countries: secular and
recent trends. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2004; 13:
2157-66.
16. Bergthorsson JT, Agnarsson BA, Gudbjartsson T, et al. A
genome-wide study of allelic imbalance in human testicular
germ cell tumors using microsatellite markers. Cancer Genet
Cytogenet 2006; 164:1-9.
17. Dong C, Hemminki K. Modification of cancer risks in
offspring by sibling and parental cancers from 2,112,616
nuclear families. Int J Cancer 2001; 92:144-50.
18. Starr JR, Chen C, Doody DR, et al. Risk of testicular germ
cell cancer in relation to variation in matemal and offspring
cytochrome p450 genes involved in catechol estrogen
metabolism. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2005; 14:
2183-90.
19. Chia VM, Quraishi SM, Devesa SS, Purdue MP, Cook MB,
McGlynn KA. Intemational trends in the incidence of
testicular cancer, 1973-2002. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers
Prev; 19:1151-9.
20. Osswald M, Harlan LC, Penson D, Stevens JL, Clegg LX.
Treatment of a population based sample of men diagnosed
with testicular cancer in the United States. Urol Oncol 2009;
27: 604-10.
21. Oldenburg J, Lehne G, Fossa SD. Testikkelkreft. Tidsskr Nor
Laegeforen 2008; 128: 457-60.
22. Sundstrom J, Salminen E, Nurmi M, et al. Management
of testicular cancer - 16 years' experience from southwest
Finland. Scand J Urol Nephrol 2001; 35: 21-5.
23. Oshima A, Kitagawa T, Ajiki W, Tsukuma H, Takenaka S,
Iura A. Survival of testicular cancer patients in Osaka, Japan.
Jpn J Clin Oncol 2001; 31: 438-43.
24. Aareleid T, Sant M, Hedelin G. Improved survival for
patients with testicular cancer in Europe since 1978. Eur J
Cancer 1998; 34: 2236-40.
25. Bokemeyer C, Nowak P, Haupt A, et al. Treatment of brain
metastases in patients with testicular cancer. J Clin Oncol
1997; 15:1449-54.
26. Stenman UH. Testicular cancer: the perfect paradigm for
marker combinations. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2005; 65:181-8.
27. Union for Intemational Cancer Control. 6th ed. Wiley-Liss,
New York 2002.
>-
CC
<
s
D
W
X
w
(3
z
UJ
Testicular cancer in lceland 2000-2009: Incidence and survival
Introduction: Survival of patients with testicular germ
cell tumours has improved in recent years, mainly due
to new modes of chemotherapy. We analyzed incidence,
staging and survival of patients diagnosed during the last
ten years in lceland and compared the results to previous
studies.
Materials and methods: A retrospective study including
all lcelandic males diagnosed during 2000-2009.
Pathology reports were reviewed and the tumours
staged (Boden-Gibb). Overall survival was estimated and
seminomas (ST) and non-seminomas (N-ST) compared.
Results: 97 males were diagnosed, age-adjusted
incidence being 5.9/100.000 males per year. The number
of ST and N-ST was almost equal, and the mean age was
35.6 (range; 15-36), but patients with ST were 11.5 years
older compared to N-ST. Symptoms were similar in both
groups, also tumor size (4.0 cm), which did not change
during the study period. Most of the tumours were in
stage I, or 78.4%, 13.4% were in stage II og 8.2% in stage
lll-IV. ST were diagnosed at a significantly lower stage
compared to N-ST (91.7 versus 65.3% in
stage I; p=0.003). No distant metastases were diagnosed
in patients with ST but in 8 patients with N-ST. Four
patients died during the study period, two due to N-ST but
no patient died because of ST. Five-year survival for the
whole patient group was 95.1 %.
Conclusion: The incidence of testicular carcinoma in
lceland is similarto neighbouring countries and has
remained fairly constant for the last two decades. At the
same time the number of patients with localized disease
(stage I) as well as the size of the tumours has not
changed significantly. Survival in lceland is comparable to
the best results reported elsewhere.
Orrason AW.Agnarsson BA, Geirsson G, Helgason HH, Gudbjartsson
Testicular cancer in lceland 2000-2009: Incidence and survival lcel Med J 2011; 97: 143-8
Correspondence: Tómas Guðbjartsson, tomasgud@landspitali.is
Key words: Testicular germ cell tumours, seminoma, non-seminoma, incidence, survival, treatment.
148 LÆKNAblaðið 2011/97
Barst: 5. október 2010, - samþykkt til birtingar: 3. desember 2010
Hagsmunatengsl: Engin