Skógræktarritið - 15.05.2001, Blaðsíða 144

Table 1. Geobotanic description of the Stone-birch forests.
Association
Betuletum ermanii Betuletum ermanii
Betuletum ermanii altiherbosum varioherbosum fruticosum
Types and stage
Number of description
1* 2* 3* 4* 702 603 1 602 703 103 2 808 807 105 C3
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Wooden layer, rank order 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.8 0.7
Betula ermanii 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.5 V 0.5 0.7 0.6 V 0.5 0.8 0.7 V
Salix hultenii 0.1 + 11
Undergrowth, projected cover, % 10 + 20 + 10 10 5 3 5 80 80 50
Sorbus sambucifolia 1 + 20 + 5 10 V 5 2 3 V 20 25 30 V
Alnus kamtschatica 10 I 60 50 III
Lonicera kamtschatica 10 + II + 1 2 V 1 II
Spiraea bauverdiana + II 5 + III
Pinus pumila 5 I 20 II
Rhododendron aureum 3 II
Grass-bush, projected cover, % 80 90 85 90 85 90 65 70 80 60 40 70
Filipendula camtschatica 60 ' 50 20 • 5 5 75 V
Senecio cannabifolius 10 10 1 + 1 15 V 5 5 1 V + II
Cirsium kamtschaticum 3 10 5 5 1 5 V 1 5 20 V 20 5 15 V
Calamagrostis langsdorffii 20 10 25 20 15 10 V 5 10 10 V 15 10 20 V
Trientalis europaea ssp. arctica 3 5 3 5 5 + V 5 2 3 V 1 2 III
Maianthemum dilatatum 20 20 40 1 IV 15 15 III 10 10 III
Solidago kurilensis 1 1 5 III 1 3 III 5 5 + V
Chamerion angustifolium 10 10 1 III 1 + III 1 II
Geranium erianthum 5 1 15 1 IV 5 1 5 V 5 + III
Artemisia opulenta 10 5 10 5 IV 15 20 20 V + II
Lilium debile 1 + 1 1 + IV + + III + II
Veratrum oxysepalum 10 1 + 1 IV 3 1 1 V + II
Trillium camtschatcense + 1 + III + + + V + II
Viola selkirkii 3 2 II 1 II + + III
Athyrium filix-femina + + II 1 + III + + III
Thalictrum minus + 5 3 III 10 + 5 V
Galium kamtschaticum + 5 + + IV + 3 + V 5 II
Moehringia lateriflora + 5 II 1 + III
Heracleum dulce + 5 II 2 II
Gymnocarpium dryopteris 20 3 25 III 50 II
Allium ochotense 3 3 5 III
Angelica genuflexa 1 1 1 III
Aconitum maximum 10 I 1 15 + V + II
Streptopus amplexifolius 1 I + + III + II
Saussurea riederi 1 I 1 1 1 V
Trisetum sibiricum 1 I 1 1 III
Viola sachalinensis 1 I + + III
Cimicifuga simplex 50 I + II
Aruncus dioicus 1 I 5 II
Trollius riederanus 5 5 III
Rubus arcticus + I
Lerchenfeldia flexuosa + I
Pedicularis resup'inata 1 II
Fritillaria camtschatcensis + II
Picris camtschaticus + II
Platanthera kamtschatica + II
Botrychium boreale + II
Pleurospermum camtschaticum + II
Pyrola minor 1 II
Carex pyrophila + II
Rutnex acetosa + II
Dryopteris austriaca + II + II
Viola biflora 1 II
Cacalia kamtschatica 5 II
Lycopodium annotinum 3 II
Listera cordata + II
Phegopteris connectilis 1 II
Moss-lichens, projected cover + + + + + + + +
Brachythecium reflexum + + + III + + III + + + V
Dicranum scoparium + I + + III
Drepanocladus uncinatus + I
Diagnostic features: dominants -
Filipendula camtschatica, Senecio
cannabifolius, Calamagrostis langs-
dorffii; constant species: Cirsium
kamtschaticum, Trientalis europaea,
Maianthemum dilatatum, Allium
ochotense, Angelica genuflexa. The
total coverage of the herb-layer -
80-85%, the moss layer is
extremely rare (less, than 1%).
Solitary mosses are found:
Brachythecium reflexum, Dicranum
scoparium, Drepanocladus uncinatus.
The plant communities occur
usually on the alluvial soils at
the valleys of rivers and rivulets,
at the well-moistened sites. The
association was described at the
South-West Kamchatka (Pavlov
1936, Pavlov and Chizhikov
1937), at the Central Valley
(Lipshits and Liverovsky 1937)
and at the Kronotsky State
Reserve (Eastern Kamchatka) at
the altitude up to 300 m above
the sea level (Balmasova 1994).
Association group II Betuleta
ermanii varioherbosa
The plant communities belonging
to the group are characterized by
the thick herb-grass layer (cover-
age 70-80%) with the predomi-
nance of the meadow mesophytic
herbs, by the high floristical diver-
sity (35-40 species per sample
plot) and by the compound verti-
cal structure. The group was firstly
described at the south-west of
Kamchatka under the name of
Betuleta herbosa (Pavlov 1936).
Association 2. Betuletum ermanii
varioherbosum
Diagnostic features: at the first
sublayer of the herb-grass layer
(the average height - 90 cm) the
following species are abundant
and constant: Calamagrostis langs-
dorffii, Artemisia opulenta, Aruncus
dioicus, Geranium erianthum, Aconit-
um maximum, Thalictrum minus. At
the second sublayer (20 %)
Maianthemum dilatalum predomi-
nates, Trientalis europaea,
Moehringia lateriflora, Trillium cam-
schatcense, Galium kamtschalicum,
Lilium debile, Fritillaria camschatcen-
sis, \iola selkirkii, Pedicularis
resupinata are constant. Moss
layer is abscent. The total cover-
age of the herb-grass layer is 70-
80%. The communities of this
association occur at moderhu-
mus stratified volcanic ash sandy
sois. Communities with the simi-
lar floristical composition have
been described at the south of
Bolsheretsky district (Pavlov
1936, Pavlovand Chizhikov 1937)
142
SKÓGRÆKTARRITIÐ 2001 l.tbl.