Læknablaðið - 01.05.2015, Blaðsíða 16

248 LÆKNAblaðið 2015/101
R A N N S Ó K N
hjarta-, æða- og efnaskiptasjúkdóma hjá börnum með þroskahöml-
un sé alls ekki gott þrátt fyrir ungan aldur. Börn með þroskahöml-
un hafa fleiri áhættuþætti hjarta-, æða- og efnaskiptasjúkdóma en
jafnaldrar þeirra án þroskahömlunar, sem getur leitt til slæmrar
heilsu síðar á lífsleiðinni. Það þarf að kanna betur orsakirnar sem
liggja að baki þessari slæmu útkomu hjá þessum hópi svo hægt sé

ENgLISH SUMMArY
introduction: Little is known about physical activity, body composition
and metabolic risk factors among children with intellectual disability (ID).
The purpose of this study was to investigate their physical condition.
Material and methods: Children with ID (n=91) and a randomly
selected age-and-gender matched group of 93 typically developed indi-
viduals (TDI) participated and the groups were compared on physical
activity, fitness, body composition, blood pressure, blood lipids, and
glycemic control.
Results: Children with ID were shorter (-8.6 cm, p<0.001), had greater
skinfolds (p<0.001), diastolic blood pressure (22.7 mm, p=0,006), and
body fat percentage (4.0 percentage points, p=0.008) than TDI children.
Boys with ID had larger waist circumference than TDI boys (6.3 cm,
p=0.009) but no difference was found among the girls. Higher propor-
tion (41%) of children with ID than TDI children (19%) were categorized
as obese (p=0.006) based on body fat percentage. No children with ID
reached the recommended daily 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous
physical activity compared to 40% of the TDI children. only 25% of
children with ID achieved the recommended levels for fitness, whereas
the same proportion was 75% among TDI children. over 20% of the
children with ID had elevated waist circumference, 34% elevated blood
pressure, 13-21% elevated metabolic risk factors in the blood, and 7%
were diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. These prevalences were
lower among the TDI children.
Conclusion: Physical condition of children with ID is poor and inferior
to their TDI peers. Further studies are needed to investigate the reasons
underlying the poor physical health among children with ID and how it
can most effectively be enhanced.
1Rannsóknarstofu í íþrótta- og heilsufræðum, menntavísindasvið HÍ, 2KU LEUVEN, Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Science, Leuven, Belgíu.
key words: children, intellectual disability, MVPA, body composition, aerobic fitness, metabolic risk factors.
Correspondence: Ingi Þór Einarsson: issi@hi.is
Physical activity and physical condition of icelandic primary and
secondary school children with intellectual disability
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Heimildir
að veita ráðgjöf og meðferð til að fyrirbyggja óhagstæða áhættu-
þætti, til dæmis með markvissum íhlutunum. Það má því álykta
að skóla- og heilbrigðiskerfið þurfi að taka höndum saman til að
auka hreyfingu og bæta úthald, holdafar og almennt líkamlegt
ástand hjá þessum börnum með þroskahömlun.
Sýklabaninn
Azithromycin Actavis
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Filmuhúðaðar töur, 500 mg, 2ja og 3ja stykkja pakkningar