Jökull


Jökull - 31.12.2001, Page 26

Jökull - 31.12.2001, Page 26
Maciej Dqbski ÁGRIP Aldur jökulgarða við Fláajökul; Samanburður jöklamælinga og mælinga á stærð flétta á jökul- görðum Taka þarf tillit til jarðfræðilegra og veðurfarslegra aðstæðna við samanburð á mælingum á vaxtarhraða fléttna við jaðra skriðjökla. Vaxtarhraði flétta við jaðar Fláajökuls er ekki línulegur með aldri og fellur heldur ekki vel að mælingum á vaxtarhraða fléttna við jaðra nærliggjandi jökla, Heinabergsjökuls og Skálafells- jökuls, þrátt fyrir svipaðan hopunartíma. Þessir þrír skriðjöklar lágu saman á árunum 1860-1870 (Evans ai, 1999) og jafnvel er talið að þeir hafi legið saman allt fram á þriðja áratug síðustu aldar (Wójcik, 1976). Sjö jökulgarðar við jaðar Fláajökuls endurspegla hop- unarsögu hans frá árinu 1894. Talið er að elstu garðarnir séu þó mun eldri og hafi jökullinn gengið yfir þá án teljandi afmyndunar í lok nítjándu aldar (Snorrason, 1984). Um 1500 m heildarhörfun jökul- jaðarsins síðustu öldina er ekki samfelld. Fláajökull hörfaði hægar eða gekk fram á árunum 1901-1925, 1947-1952 og 1965-1990 en þá var hitastig undir meðallagi (Einarsson, 1993). Erfitt er að rneta áhrif slíkra loftlagssveiflna á vaxtarhraða fléttanna. REFERENCES Ahlmann, H. W. and S. Thorarinsson 1937. Previous in- vestigations of Vatnajökull, Marginal oscillations of its outlet-glaciers and general description of its mor- phology. Geografiska Annaler 19 A (3-4), 176-211. Bradwell, T. 2001. A new lichenometric dating curve for southeast Iceland. Geografiska Annaler 83 A (3), 91- 101. D§bski, M., B. Fabiszewski and A. Pfkalska 1998. Marginal zone of Fláajökull (Iceland). Initial result of research. Miscellanea Geographica 8, 47-54. D^bski, M. and E. Gryglewicz 1998. Selected forms of frost sorting in the marginal zone of Fláajökull (Ice- land). Biuletyn Peryglacjalny 37, 19-34. Denton, G. H. 1975. Glaciers of Iceland. In W. O. Field, ed. Mountain Glaciers of the Northern Hemisphere. Vol. 2. Corps of Engineers, US Army, Hannover, 834- 864. Einarsson, M. Á. 1993. Temperature conditions in Iceland and the Eastern North-Atlantic region, based on obser- vations 1901-1990. Jökull 43, 1-13. Evans, D. J. A., S. Archer and D. J. H. Wilson 1999. A comparison of the lichenometric and Schmidt hammer dating techniques based on data from the proglacial areas of some Icelandic glaciers. Quaternaiy Science Reviews 18, 13-41. Gordon, J. E. and M. Sharp 1983. Lichenometry in dating recent glacial landforms and deposits, southem Ice- land. Boreas 12 (3), 191-200. Gudmundsson, H. J. 1997. A review of the Holocene envi- ronmental history of Iceland. Quaternary Science Re- views 16, 81-92. Haines-Young, R. H. 1983. Size variation of Rhizocarpon on moraine slopes in Southern Norway. Arctic and Alpine Res. 15 (3), 295-305. Innes, J. L. 1982. Lichenometric use of an aggregated Rhi- zocarpon species. Boreas 11, 53-57. Jaksch, K. 1975. Das Gletschervorfeld des Sólheima- jökull. Jökull 25, 34-38. Kirkbridge, M. P. and A. J. Dugmore 2001. Can licheno- metry be used to date the “little Ice Age” glacial max- imum in Iceland? Climatic Change 48, 151-167. Maizels, J. K. and A. J. Dugmore 1985. Lichenometric dating and tephrochronology of sandur deposits, Sól- heimajökull area, southern Iceland. Jökull 35, 69-78. McCarthy, D. P. 1999. A biological basis for lichenome- try? J. Biogeography 26, 379-386. Sigurdsson, O. 2000. Glacier variations 1930-1960, 1960- 1990 and 1996-1997. Jökull 48, 63-69. Snorrason, S. 1984. Mýrarjöklar og Vatnsdalur. Cand. Real. thesis, University of Oslo, 115 pp. Thompson, A. 1988. Historical development of the proglacial landforms of Svínafellsjökull and Skaftafellsjökull, Southeast Iceland. Jökull 38, 17-30. Thompson, A. and A. Jones 1986. Rates and causes of proglacial river terrace formation in southeast Iceland: an application of lichenometric dating techniques. Boreas 15 (3), 231-246. Thorarinsson, S. 1943. Oscillations of the Icelandic glaciers in the last 250 years. Vatnajökull, scientific results of the Swedish-Icelandic investigation 1937- 38-39. Geografiska Annaler 25 (1-2). Wójcik, G. 1976. Zagadnienia klimatologiczne i glacjo- logiczne Islandii. Rozprawy Uniwersytetu Mikolaja Kopernika, Torun. 24 JÖKULL No. 51
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