Jökull


Jökull - 01.01.2010, Page 147

Jökull - 01.01.2010, Page 147
A gravity study of silicic domes in the Krafla area, N-Iceland dasít hraungúll, 125 m hár, 1,8 km langur, myndað- ur á íslausu landi fyrir um 10 þúsund árum. Eðlis- massar og rúmmál gúlanna: 1) Hlíðarfjall: 1600–1800 kg m−3, 0,143±0,014 km−3; 2) Hrafntinnuhryggur: 1575–1875 kg m−3, 0,021±0,002 km−3; 3) Hraun- bunga: 1750–1775 kg m−3, 0,040±0,004 km−3. All- ir gúlarnir hafa lágan eðlismassa, sem endurspegl- ar lágan kornaeðlismassa og háan poruhluta. Eðl- ismassi gúlanna er mun lægri en umhverfisins, sem skapar hugsanlega nógu mikinn eðlismassamun til að súr kvika geti risið í skorpunni. Niðurstöður þyngdar- líkana sýna að gúlarnir eru hvorki grafnir af yngri gos- efnum né hafa þeir rætur. Efni allra gúlanna barst til yfirborðs eftir gangi sem í mesta lagi var um 20 metra þykkur en kann að hafa verið mun mjórri. Mælingar benda ekki til þess að umtalsverð snörun eða tilfærsla á aðliggjandi bergi hafi orðið þegar gúlarnir mynduð- ust. REFERENCES Agustsdottir, T. 2009. On the dynamics of rhyolite dome emplacement: Densities and deformation fields. Mas- ter’s thesis, Univ. Iceland, 101 pp. Arnadottir, S., A. K. Mortensen, A. Ingimarsdóttir, H. Tryggvason, R. B. Jónsson, and H. S. Gunnarsson 2009. Krafla, IDDP-1. Drilling completion and geo- logy report for drilling stage 2. Tech. Rep. (Iceland Geosurvey) ÍSOR-2009/021, 94 pp. Buck, W. R., P. Einarsson and B. Brandsdóttir 2006. Tec- tonic stress and magma chamber size as controls on dike propagation: Constraints from the 1975–1984 Krafla rifting episode. J. Geophys. Res. 111, B12404, doi:10.1029/2005JB003879. Einarsson, P. 1991. Kröflueldar 1975–1984 (The Krafla fires 1975–1984, in Icelandic). Náttúra Mývatns. Hið íslenska náttúrufræðifélag, 61–100. Fink, J. H. and S. W. Anderson 2000. Lava domes and coulees. In: Sigurdsson, H. (ed.), Encyclopedia of Vol- canoes. Academic Press, 307–319. Gudmundsson, M. T. and T. Högnadóttir 2004. Hraun og móbergsmyndanir á svæðinu frá Brennisteinsfjöll- um að Hengli, niðurstöður þyngdarmælinga. (Lava and hyaloclastite formations from Brennisteinsfjöll to Hengill, results from gravity measurements, in Ice- landic). Tech. Rep. RH-12-2004, Jarðvísindastofnun Háskóla Íslands, 64 pp. Gudmundsson, M. T. and J. Milsom 1997. Gravity and magnetic studies of the subglacial Grímsvötn volcano, Iceland. J. Geophys. Res. 102, 7691–7704. Gudmundsson, M. T., T. Högnadóttir and S. P. Jakob- sson 2001. Hraun og móbergsmyndanir sunnan Langjökuls, niðurstöður þyngdarmælinga. (Lava and hyaloclastite formations south of Langjökull, results from gravity measurments, in Icelandic). Tech. Rep. RH-28-2000, Raunvísindastofnun Háskólans, 37 pp. Gudmundsson, Á., B. Steingrímsson, D. Sigursteinsson, G. Gíslason, H. Sigvaldason, J. Hólmjárn, K. H. Sig- urdsson, S. Benediktsson, T. Hauksson and V. Stefáns- son 2008. Krafla-well KG 25. drilling, geology and geochemistry. Tech. Rep. (Iceland GeoSurvey) ÍSOR- 2008/056, 30 pp. Johnsen, G. V. 1995. Þyngdarkort af Kröflusvæði. (Gravity map of the Krafla area (in Icelandic)). Eyjar í eldhafi. 93–100, Gott mál hf. Jóhannesson, H. and K. Sæmundsson 1999. Geological map of Iceland 1:100000. Icelandic Institute of Nat- ural History, ISBN 9979-9335-4-2. Jónasson, K. 1994. Rhyolite volcanism in the Krafla cen- tral volcano, north-east Iceland. Bull. Volc. 56, 516– 528. Jónasson, K. 2005. Magmatic evolution of the Heiðar- sporður ridge, NE-Iceland. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 147, 109–124. Jónasson, K. 2007. Silicic volcanism in Iceland: Composi- tion and distribution within the active volcanic zones. J. Geodynamics 43, 101–117. Kearey, P., M. Brooks and I. Hill 2002. An Introduction to Geophysical Exploration, 3rd ed. Blackwell Science, 262 pp. LaCoste and Romberg 1979. Instruction manual for La- Coste and Romberg model G geodetic gravity meter no. G-445. LaCoste and Romberg Inc., Austin, Texas, 20 pp. Larsen, G. 2000. Holocene eruptions within the Katla vol- canic system, south Iceland: Characteristics and envi- ronmental impact. Jökull 49, 1–25. Menke, W. 1999. Crustal isostasy indicates anomalous densities beneath Iceland. Geophys. Res. Lett. 26, 1215–1218. Nettleton, L. L. 1976. Gravity and Magnetics in Oil Prospecting. McGraw-Hill, New York, 464 pp. JÖKULL No. 60 147
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