Jökull


Jökull - 01.01.2010, Page 210

Jökull - 01.01.2010, Page 210
Kerlingarfjöll eru megineldstöð á gliðnunarbelti sem kennt er við Hofsjökul. Þau rísa brött upp af 600–700 m hásléttu á vatnaskilum Hvítár og Þjórsár, og nær um tugur tinda þessara fjalla yfir 1100 m hæð. Fjöllin eru að mestu úr líparíti, veðruð, litrík en gróðurlítil. Mikil eldvirkni var innan eldstöðvarinnar á jökul- og hlýskeiðum síðustu ísaldar en engin eftir lok síðasta jökulskeiðs. Upp tróðust háreistir líparítgúlar sem eru mestu tindar Kerlingarfjalla. Gos upp úr ísbreiðunni mynduðu stapa. Talið frá vinstri eru Loðmundur (1432 m), Snækollur (1488 m) og Fannborg (1458 m). Jöklarnir, Vestari-Loðmundarjökull, Jökulkinn og Fannborgarjökull eru í um 1200–1300 m hæð, en neðst ná sporðarnir niður í 800 m. Samkvæmt loftmyndum frá 2004 er samanlagt flatarmál jöklanna í Kerlingarfjöllum um 4 km2. – The Kerlingarfjöll mountains are a volcanic centre within the Hofsjökull rift zone. They rise sharply from a plateau 600–700 m high at the drainage divide of the Hvítá and Þjórsá rivers. Dozens of their peaks reach over a height of 1100 m. The mountains are mostly composed of rhyolite, have been eroded by wind and water, have sparse vegetation, and are very colourful. There was tremendous volcanic activity within this volcanic centre during the warm and glacial periods of the last ice epoch, but none since the end of the last glacial period. The eruptions piled up huge rhyolite mounds that are now the largest peaks of the Kerlingarfjöll mountains. Some of these volcanic eruptions broke through the ice and formed tuya mountains. From left to right are Loðmundur (1432 m), Snækollur (1488 m) and Fannborg (1458 m). The glaciers Vestar-Loðmundarjökull, Jökulkinn and Fannborgarjökull are all at an elevation around 1200–1300 m, the lowest snout descending to a height of 800 m. Based on aerial photographs from 2004, the total surface area of these glaciers is about 4 km2. Texti/Text: Helgi Björnsson. Ljósm./Photo. Þorsteinn Sæmundsson, 1963. Næsta síða: Horft frá Snækolli (1477 m) yfir Vestari-Loðmundarjökul til stapans Loðmundar (1432 m). Fjær sést inn á Hofsjökul; til vinstri er Blágnípujökull og Jökulkrókur en til hægri Blautukvíslarjökull og framan við hann Þverfell (1003 m). Ljósm. Þorsteinn Sæmundsson 1963. Neðri myndin er tekin nær hálfri öld síð- ar. Hofsjökull hefur greinilega hopað við Jökulkrók og Vestari-Loðmundarjökull er nær horfinn. – Opposite page: A view from the mountain Snækollur (1,477 m) over the glacier Vestari-Loðmundarjökull and toward the tuya Loðmundur (1,432 m). The ice cap Hofsjökull in the distance; to the left is the outlet Blágnípujökull and Jökulkrókur but right Þverfell (1003 m) in front of Blautukvíslarjökull. Photo. Þorsteinn Sæmundsson, 1963. The photo below is taken about half a century later. Hofsjökull has receded considerably at Jökulkrókur and Vestari-Loðmundarjökull has almost disappeared. Texti/Text: Helgi Björnsson. Ljósm./Photo. Snævarr Guðmundsson 18. ágúst 2010. 210 JÖKULL No. 60
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Jökull

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