Læknablaðið - 01.12.2014, Síða 24

664 LÆKNAblaðið 2014/100
ENGLISH SUMMARY
introduction. Here we compare results on food and nutrient intake from
the two most recent Icelandic national nutrition surveys from 2010/11
and 2002 and compare intake of energy giving nutrients from 1990.
Finally we assess associations beween a healthy diet and difficulties
people have in making ends meet.
Materials and methods. Participants were selected by a random
sample from the national register. Final sample was 1912 individuals in
2010/11 and 1934 in 2002, response rate 68.6% and 70.6% respectively.
Diet was assessed by 24-hour recall. Results from the surveys were
calculated using t-test and sssociations between a healthy diet and
difficulties making ends meet by linear regression.
Results. Consumption of bread, bisquits, cakes and cookies, marg-
arine, highly processed meat products, chips, sugared soft drinks and
whole milk was lower in 2010/11 than in 2002 while consumption of
whole grain bread, oat meal, fruits, vegetables, meat and cod liver oil
was higher. Fish intake was unchanged. Fat intake decreased from 1990
to 2010/11, from 41E% to 35E%, saturated fatty acids from 20.0E% to
14.5E% and trans-fatty acids from 2.0E% to 0.8E%. Most of the chan-
ges occurred between 1990 and 2002. People having difficulties making
ends meet consumed less fruits, vegetables and whole grain bread but
more soft drinks in 2010/11 than those not having difficulties.
Conclusion. Dietary changes in Iceland from 2002 have mostly been
toward recommended intake. Between 1990 and 2002 fat consumption
decreased considerably, while less significant changes occurred from
2002 til 2010/11. Economic status is associated with healthy diet in
Iceland.
1Unit for Nutrition Research, University of Iceland and Landspitali University Hospital; 2Faculty for Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland; 3Medical Direcorate of Iceland.
key words: nutrition surveys, dietary changes, healthy eating, economic inequality.
Correspondence: Laufey Steingrímsdóttir, laufey@hi.is
national nutrition surveys and dietary changes in iceland.
Economic differences in healthy eating
Laufey Steingrimsdottir1,2, Hrund Valgeirsdottir2, Thorhallur I Halldorsson1,2, Ingibjörg Gunnarsdottir1,2, Elva Gisladottir3,
Holmfridur Thorgeirsdottir3, Inga Thorsdottir1,2
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