Læknablaðið - 01.12.2014, Blaðsíða 35

LÆKNAblaðið 2014/100 675
Valdar heimildir
1. Aspelund T, Gudnason V, Magnusdottir BT, Andersen
K, Sigurdsson G, Thorsson B, et al. Analysing the Large
Decline in Coronary Heart Disease Mortality in the
Icelandic Population Aged 25-74 between the Years 1981
and 2006. PLoS One 2010 Nov 12; 5: e13957.
3. Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ounpuu S, Dans T, Avezum A,
Lanas F, et al. Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors
associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the
INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet 2004;
364: 937-52.
5. Schunkert H, Konig IR, Kathiresan S, Reilly MP, Assimes
TL, Holm H, et al. Large-scale association analysis identi-
fies 13 new susceptibility loci for coronary artery disease.
Nat Genet 2011; 43: 333-8.
6. Thorolfsdottir RB, Aspelund T, Capewell S, Critchley
J, Gudnason V, Andersen K. Population assessment of
future trajectories in coronary heart disease mortality.
PLoS One 2014; 9: e85800.
7. Thorsson B, Steingrimsdottir L, Halldorsdottir S,
Andersen K, Sigurdsson G, Aspelund T, et al. Changes in
total cholesterol levels in Western societies are not related
to statin, but rather dietary factors: the example of the
Icelandic population. Eur Heart J 2013; 34: 1778-82.
10. Cheng C, Tempel D, van Haperen R, van der Baan A,
Grosveld F, Daemen MJ, et al. Atherosclerotic lesion size
and vulnerability are determined by patterns of fluid
shear stress. Circulation 2006; 113: 2744-53.
12. Domanski MJ, Borkowf CB, Campeau L, Knatterud
GL, White C, Hoogwerf B, et al. Prognostic factors for
atherosclerosis progression in saphenous vein grafts:
the postcoronary artery bypass graft (Post-CABG) trial.
Post-CABG Trial Investigators. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000; 36:
1877-83.
14. Stary HC. The sequence of cell and matrix changes in
atherosclerotic lesions of coronary arteries in the first forty
years of life. Eur Heart J 1990; 11 Suppl E: 3-19.
15. Kern MJ. Curriculum in interventional cardiology:
coronary pressure and flow measurements in the cardiac
catheterization laboratory. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv
2001; 54: 378-400.
16. Kloner RA, Bolli R, Marban E, Reinlib L, Braunwald
E. Medical and cellular implications of stunning,
hibernation, and preconditioning: an NHLBI workshop.
Circulation 1998; 97: 1848-67.
18. Murphy E, Steenbergen C. Ion transport and energetics
during cell death and protection. Physiology (Bethesda)
2008; 23: 115-23.
19. Gambillara V, Chambaz C, Montorzi G, Roy S,
Stergiopulos N, Silacci P. Plaque-prone hemodynamics
impair endothelial function in pig carotid arteries. Am J
Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2006; 290: H2320-8.
22. Kim JA, Montagnani M, Koh KK, Quon MJ. Reciprocal
relationships between insulin resistance and endothelial
dysfunction: molecular and pathophysiological mechan-
isms. Circulation 2006; 113: 1888-904.
24. Hansson GK. Inflammation, atherosclerosis, and coronary
artery disease. N Engl J Med 2005; 352: 1685-95.
25. Lahoute C, Herbin O, Mallat Z, Tedgui A. Adaptive
immunity in atherosclerosis: mechanisms and future
therapeutic targets. Nat Rev Cardiol 2011; 8: 348-58.
27. Narula J, Nakano M, Virmani R, Kolodgie FD, Petersen R,
Newcomb R, Malik S, et al. Histopathologic characteristics
of atherosclerotic coronary disease and implications of
the findings for the invasive and noninvasive detection of
vulnerable plaques. J Am Coll Cardiol 2013; 61: 1041-51.
28. Virmani R, Burke AP, Farb A, Kolodgie F. Pathology of the
vulnerable plaque. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006; 47 (8 Suppl):
C13-8.
29. Stone GW, Maehara A, Lansky AJ, de Bruyne B, Cristea
E, Mintz GS, et al. A prospective natural-history study of
coronary atherosclerosis. N Engl J Med 2011; 364: 226-35.
31. Mozaffarian D, Capewell S. United Nations‘ dietary
policies to prevent cardiovascular disease. BMJ 2011; 343:
d5747.
32. Perk J, De Backer G, Gohlke H, Graham I, Reiner Z,
Verschuren M, et al. European Guidelines on cardiovas-
cular disease prevention in clinical practice (version
2012). The Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society
of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular
Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by
representatives of nine societies and by invited experts).
Eur Heart J 2012; 33: 1635-701.
33. Rose G. Sick individuals and sick populations. Int J
Epidemiol 2001; 30: 427-32; discussion 433-4.
35. Berger JS, Jordan CO, Lloyd-Jones D, Blumenthal RS:
Screening for cardiovascular risk in asymptomatic pati-
ents. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010; 55: 1169-77.
40. Wackers FJ, Young LH, Inzucchi SE, Chyun DA, Davey JA,
Barrett EJ, et al. Detection of Ischemia in Asymptomatic
Diabetics I: Detection of silent myocardial ischemia in
asymptomatic diabetic subjects: the DIAD study. Diabetes
Care 2004; 27: 1954-61.
43. Pope JH, Aufderheide TP, Ruthazer R, Woolard RH,
Feldman JA, Beshansky JR, et al. Missed diagnoses of
acute cardiac ischemia in the emergency department. N
Engl J Med 2000; 342: 1163-70.
44. Schelbert EB, Cao JJ, Sigurdsson S, Aspelund T, Kellman P,
Aletras AH, et al. Prevalence and prognosis of unrecogni-
zed myocardial infarction determined by cardiac magnetic
resonance in older adults. JAMA 2012; 308: 890-6.
46. Di Angelantonio E, Danesh J, Eiriksdottir G, Gudnason
V. Renal function and risk of coronary heart disease in
general populations: new prospective study and sys-
tematic review. PLoS Med 2007; 4: e270.
48. Gerstein HC, Islam S, Anand S, Almahmeed W,
Damasceno A, Dans A, et al. Dysglycaemia and the risk of
acute myocardial infarction in multiple ethnic groups: an
analysis of 15,780 patients from the INTERHEART study.
Diabetologia 2010; 3: 2509-17.
50. Rydén L, Grant PJ, Anker SD, Berne C, Cosentino F,
Danchin N, et al. ESC Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabe-
tes, and cardiovascular diseases developed in collabora-
tion with the EASD: the Task Force on diabetes, pre-diabe-
tes, and cardiovascular diseases of the European Society of
Cardiology (ESC) and developed in collaboration with the
European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD).
Eur Heart J 2013; 34: 3035-87.
51. Amsterdam EA, Kirk JD, Bluemke DA, Diercks D,
Farkouh ME, Garvey JL, et al. Testing of low-risk patients
presenting to the emergency department with chest
pain: a scientific statement from the American Heart
Association. Circulation 2010; 122: 1756-76.
52. Reichlin T, Hochholzer W, Bassetti S, Steuer S, Stelzig C,
Hartwiger S, et al. Early diagnosis of myocardial infarction
with sensitive cardiac troponin assays. N Engl J Med 2009;
361: 858-67.
53. Thygesen K, Alpert JS, Jaffe AS, Simoons ML, Chaitman
BR, et al. Third universal definition of myocardial infarc-
tion. Circulation 2012; 126: 2020-35.
55. Holmvang L, Clemmensen P, Lindahl B, Lagerqvist B,
Venge P, Wagner G, et al. Quantitative analysis of the
admission electrocardiogram identifies patients with
unstable coronary artery disease who benefit the most
from early invasive treatment. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003; 41:
905-15.
57. Martin TN, Groenning BA, Murray HM, Steedman T,
Foster JE, Elliot AT, et al. ST-segment deviation analysis of
the admission 12-lead electrocardiogram as an aid to early
diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction with a cardiac
magnetic resonance imaging gold standard. J Am Coll
Cardiol 2007; 50: 1021-8.
58. Montalescot G, Sechtem U, Achenbach S, Andreotti F,
Arden C, Budaj A, et al. 2013 ESC guidelines on the
management of stable coronary artery disease: the Task
Force on the management of stable coronary artery disease
of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J 2013;
34: 2949-3003.
59. Daly C, Norrie J, Murdoch DL, Ford I, Dargie HJ, Fox
K, group Ts. The value of routine non-invasive tests to
predict clinical outcome in stable angina. Eur Heart J 2003;
24: 532-40.
61. Douglas PS, Garcia MJ, Haines DE, Lai WW, Manning
WJ, Patel AR, et al. ACCF/ASE/AHA/ASNC/HFSA/HRS/
SCAI/SCCM/SCCT/SCMR 2011 Appropriate Use Criteria
for Echocardiography. A Report of the American College
of Cardiology Foundation Appropriate Use Criteria
Task Force, American Society of Echocardiography,
American Heart Association, American Society of Nuclear
Cardiology, Heart Failure Society of America, Heart
Rhythm Society, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography
and Interventions, Society of Critical Care Medicine,
Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, and
Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Endorsed
by the American College of Chest Physicians. J Am Coll
Cardiol 2011; 57: 1126-66.
63. Thomas JT, Kelly RF, Thomas SJ, Stamos TD, Albasha K,
Parrillo JE, et al. Utility of history, physical examination,
electrocardiogram, and chest radiograph for differentiat-
ing normal from decreased systolic function in patients
with heart failure. Am J Med 2002; 112: 437-45.
65. Becher H, Chambers J, Fox K, Jones R, Leech GJ, Masani
N, et al. British Society of Echocardiography procedure
guidelines for the clinical application of stress echoc-
ardiography, recommendations for performance and
interpretation of stress echocardiography: a report of the
British Society of Echocardiography Policy Committee.
Heart 2004; 90 Suppl 6: vi23-30.
66. Cullen MW, Pellikka PA. Recent advances in stress
echocardiography. Curr Opin Cardiol 2011; 26: 379-84.
69. Barnabei L, Marazia S, De Caterina R. Receiver operating
characteristic (ROC) curves and the definition of threshold
levels to diagnose coronary artery disease on electrocar-
diographic stress testing. Part I: The use of ROC curves in
diagnostic medicine and electrocardiographic markers of
ischaemia. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2007; 8: 873-81.
70. Gianrossi R, Detrano R, Mulvihill D, Lehmann K, Dubach
P, Colombo A, et al. Exercise-induced ST depression in
the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. A meta-analysis.
Circulation 1989; 80: 87-98.
73. Fleischmann KE, Hunink MG, Kuntz KM, Douglas PS.
Exercise echocardiography or exercise SPECT imaging?
A meta-analysis of diagnostic test performance. J Nucl
Cardiol 2002; 9: 133-4.
74. Shaw LJ, Mieres JH, Hendel RH, Boden WE, Gulati M,
et al. Comparative effectiveness of exercise electrocar-
diography with or without myocardial perfusion single
photon emission computed tomography in women with
suspected coronary artery disease: results from the What
Is the Optimal Method for Ischemia Evaluation in Women
(WOMEN) trial. Circulation 2011; 124: 1239-49.
75. Hendel RC, Patel MR, Kramer CM, Poon M, Hendel
RC, Carr JC, et al. ACCF/ACR/SCCT/SCMR/ASNC/
NASCI/SCAI/SIR 2006 appropriateness criteria for
cardiac computed tomography and cardiac magn-
etic resonance imaging: a report of the American
College of Cardiology Foundation Quality Strategic
Directions Committee Appropriateness Criteria Working
Group, American College of Radiology, Society of
Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, Society for
Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, American Society of
Nuclear Cardiology, North American Society for Cardiac
Imaging, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and
Interventions, and Society of Interventional Radiology. J
Am Coll Cardiol 2006; 48: 1475-97.
76. Schwitter J, Nanz D, Kneifel S, Bertschinger K, Buchi M,
Knusel PR, et al. Assessment of myocardial perfusion in
coronary artery disease by magnetic resonance: a compar-
ison with positron emission tomography and coronary
angiography. Circulation 2001;103: 2230-5.
77. Hundley WG, Morgan TM, Neagle CM, Hamilton CA,
Rerkpattanapipat P, Link KM. Magnetic resonance
imaging determination of cardiac prognosis. Circulation
2002; 106: 2328-33.
79. Meijboom WB, Mollet NR, Van Mieghem CA, Weustink
AC, Pugliese F, van Pelt N, et al. 64-Slice CT coronary
angiography in patients with non-ST elevation acute
coronary syndrome. Heart 2007; 93: 1386-92
80. de Graaf FR, van Velzen JE, de Boer SM, van Werkhoven
JM, Kroft LJ, de Roos A, et al. Non-invasive computed
tomography coronary angiography as a gatekeeper for
invasive coronary angiography. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging
2013; 29: 221-8.
81. Agatston AS, Janowitz WR, Hildner FJ, Zusmer NR,
Viamonte M Jr, Detrano R: Quantification of coronary
artery calcium using ultrafast computed tomography. J
Am Coll Cardiol 1990; 15: 827-32.
82. Gudmundsdottir VK, Andersen K, Gudjonsdottir
J. Áhrif kalks í kransæðum á greiningargildi
TS-kransæðarannsókna. Læknablaðið 2013; 99: 241-6.
83 Jonsdottir B, Danielsen R. Samanburður á mati kransæða-
þrengsla með tölvusneiðmyndatækni og hjartaþræðingu.
Læknablaðið 2006; 92: 27-32.
84. Schroeder S, Achenbach S, Bengel F, Burgstahler C,
Cademartiri F, de Feyter P, et al. Cardiac computed
tomography: indications, applications, limitations, and
training requirements: report of a Writing Group
deployed by the Working Group Nuclear Cardiology and
Cardiac CT of the European Society of Cardiology and
the European Council of Nuclear Cardiology. Eur Heart J
2008; 29: 531-56.
85. Steg PG, James SK, Atar D, Badano LP, Blomstrom-
Lundqvist C, Borger MA, et al. ESC Guidelines for the
management of acute myocardial infarction in patients
presenting with ST-segment elevation. Eur Heart J 2012;
33: 2569-619.
Allur heimildalistinn er birtur í heild sinni á heimasíðu blaðsins
Y F i R l i T