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tímarit hjúkrunarfræðinga • 1. tbl. 94. árg. 2018 75
Background and aim: Cardiovascular diseases are the main causes
of death in the world, with strong connection with unhealthy
lifestyle. Myocardial infarction (Mi) is most common in people’s
sixties or later and it is considered „young“ to have a Mi in the
fifties. The aim of the study was to increase knowledge and deepen
the understanding of nurses and other healthcare professionals of
having a Mi at around fifty in order to provide better nursing care
and services.
Methodology: The Vancouver School of doing phenomenology
with a purposeful sampling was used. nineteen individual inter-
views were conducted with 11 participants. Participants’ average
age was 48 years at diagnosis and six had more than one Mi.
Results: Redefinition of life and self was the over-arching theme of
the study. Everywhere the participants came they were the youngest
and in many cases 20 years younger than other heart patients. hav-
ing an Mi so young negatively affected the participants’ self-image.
Most of them experienced depression, anxiety and fear after the
Mi but felt education about these difficult emotions was lacking.
almost all experienced a turning point towards a healthier lifestyle
following the Mi. in the first year after Mi their self-image was gen-
erally to be „a heartpatient“ but as time passed their self-image
changed to being healthy with this „malady“. The Mi was misdi-
agnosed in six participants because of their young age and because
they experienced lesser known symptoms such as fatigue, weak-
ness, shortness of breath and stomach aches but not the symptoms
that are most typically introduced concerning Mi.
Conclusion: having Mi at a „young“ age affects people’s mental
health and nurses need to be alert and offer education and support.
nurses also need to be able to recognize the multiple symptoms of
Mi and educate people about the different symptoms.
Key words: Myocardial infarction (Mi), self-image, young age, phe-
nomenology, interviews.
Correspondent: birna.gestsdottir@hsu.is
English Summary
gestsdottir, B., Sigurdardottir, a.k., halldorsdottir, S.
redefinition of Life and Self:
The Experience of Younger People having a heart attack