Læknablaðið - 15.10.1991, Blaðsíða 27

LÆKNABLAÐIÐ
307
meðal sjúklinga með þvagleka, eða 74%
borið saman við 35% meðal þeirra sem ekki
höfðu þvagleka (15). í okkar rannsókn fannst
einnig marktækur munur á dánartíðni þar sem
67% látinna eftir eitt ár höfðu greinst með
þvagleka. Þegar kí-kvaðrat tölfræðiaðferð er
beitt á þessar niðurstöður kemur í ljós, að
þvagleki hefur marktækt spágildi um afdrif.
Það má því líta á þvagleka sem sérstakan
áhættuþátt en jafnframt finnst mikil fylgni
milli þvagleka og annarrar fötlunar meðal
aldraðra á stofnunum.
Algengi þvagleka meðal aldraðra á stofnunum
hefur ekki fyrr verið kannað á íslandi en
samkvæmt erlendum hliðstæðum rannsóknum
á algengi þvagleka innan stofnana eru
niðurstöðutölur rannsóknarinnar sem hér er
greint frá svipaðar (1,3).
SUMMARY
Prevalence and progress of urinary incontinence
in elderly patients in iongterm wards.
A prevalence study of urinary incontinence was
performed on patients and residents in the City
Hospital geriatric wards and associated nursing
homes. Information on urinary incontinence was
obtained from nursing staff. Included in the study
were 220 patients, 173 women and 47 men. Of
all patients, 53% were found to be incontinent
of urine, the rate being equal for both men and
women. Cognitive function, mobility and self
sufficiency was graded into three functional
categories. Urinary incontinence was strongly
related with other disability and found in 82%
of those with most severe dementia, in 92% of
the least mobile people and in 87% of the least
self sufficient ones. After six months, only two
people had regained continence and seven people
had become incontinent of urine. In one year, 55
people had died and 37 (67%) had belonged to the
group of urinary incontinence. By this time the
mortality rate for the incontinent group had become
significantly higher (p<0.05).
ÞAKKIR
Sérstakar þakkir til Helga Sigvaldasonar
Ph.D., verkfræðings, fyrir staðtölulega hjálp
og Kristínar Vilhjálmsdóttur fyrir ritvinnslu.
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