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Læknablaðið - 01.07.2016, Page 26

Læknablaðið - 01.07.2016, Page 26
342 LÆKNAblaðið 2016/102 ENGLISH SUMMARY A previously healthy 18 year old female has repeated admissions over a six week period to the emergency department because of seizures. She has no previous history of epilepsy and denies any drug use. Imaging and electroencephalogram do not indicate epilepsy. Blood sugar levels are low on two occasions, 1.3 mmol / L and 1.7mmól / L (4.0 - 6.0 mmol / L). After further investigations the suspicion of an insulin-producing tumor arises. Extensive research and imaging is conducted to look for tumor growth without any findings. Subsequently she was sent abroad for further evaluation with a 11C-5HTP-PET scan, selective angiography with celiacography and an intra-arterial calcium stimulation test. She was diagnosed with nesidioblastosis. Here we will discuss the pres- entation and work-up of the medical case and review this rare causative disease. Repeated non-epileptic seizures in a previously healthy young woman – a case report Guðrún Mist Gunnarsdóttir1, Arna Guðmundsdóttir1, Per Hellman2, Peter Stålberg2 1Landspítali University Hospital of Iceland, 2Department of Surgical Sciences, University Hospital, Uppsala University, Sweden. Key words: repeated seizures, neuroglycopenic symptoms, noninsulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemia syndrome (NIPHS), endogenous hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, nesi- dioblastosis. Correspondence: Guðrún Mist Gunnarsdóttir, gudrunmi@landspitali.is Heimildir 1. Cryer PE, Axelrod L, Grossman AB, Heller SR, Montori VM, Seaquist ER, et al. Evaluation and management of adult hypoglycemic disorders: an Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 94: 709-28. 2. Guettier JM, Lungu A, Goodling A, Cochran C, Gorden P. The role of proinsulin and insulin in the diagnosis of insulinoma: a critical evaluation of the Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013; 98: 4752-8. 3. Thompson GB, Service FJ, Andrews JC, Lloyd RV, Natt N, van Heerden JA, et al. Noninsulinoma pancreatogen- ous hypoglycemia syndrome: an update in 10 surgically treated patients. Surgery 2000; 128: 937-44; discussion 44-5. 4. Raffel A, Krausch MM, Anlauf M, Wieben D, Braunstein S, Klöppel G, et al. Diffuse nesidioblastosis as a cause of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in adults: a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Surgery 2007; 141: 179-84; discussion 85-6. 5. Kann PH, Rothmund M, Zielke A. Endoscopic ultrasound imaging of insulinomas: limitations and clinical relevance. Exp Clin Endocrino Diabetes 2005; 113: 471-4. 6. Sotoudehmanesh R, Hedayat A, Shirazian N, Shahraeeni S, Ainechi S, Zeinali F, et al. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in the localization of insulinoma. Endocrine 2007; 31: 238-41. 7. McLean AM, Fairclough PD. Endoscopic ultrasound in the localisation of pancreatic islet cell tumours. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005; 19: 177-93. 8. Catton JA, Zaitoun AM, Aithal GP, Sturrock ND, Lobo DN. Diffuse nesidioblastosis causing hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia: the importance of pancreatic sampling on EUS. Gastrointest Endosc 2008; 68: 571-2; discussion 72. 9. Ramirez-Gonzalez LR, Sotelo-Alvarez JA, Rojas-Rubio P, Macías-Amezcua MD, Orozco-Rubio R, Fuentes-Orozco C. [Nesidioblastosis in the adult: a case report]. Cir Cir 2015; 83: 324-8. 10. Laidlaw GF. Nesidioblastoma, the islet tumor of the pancreas. Am J Pathol 1938; 14: 125-34.5. 11. Anlauf M, Wieben D, Perren A, Sipos B, Komminoth P, Raffel A, et al. Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in 15 adults with diffuse nesidioblastosis: diagnostic criteria, incidence, and characterization of beta-cell changes. Am J Surg Pathol 2005; 29: 524-33. 12. Service FJ, Natt N, Thompson GB, Grant CS, van Heerden JA, Andrews JC, et al. Noninsulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemia: a novel syndrome of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in adults independent of mutations in Kir6.2 and SUR1 genes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999; 84: 1582-9. 13. Rumilla KM, Erickson LA, Service FJ, Vella A, Thompson GB, Grant CS, et al. Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia with nesidioblastosis: histologic features and growth factor expression. Mod Pathol 2009; 22: 239-45. 14. Won JG, Tseng HS, Yang AH, Tang KT, Jap TS, Lee CH, et al. Clinical features and morphological characterization of 10 patients with noninsulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycaemia syndrome (NIPHS). Clin Endocrinol 2006; 65: 566-78. 15. Thompson SM, Vella A, Thompson GB, Rumilla KM, Service FJ, Grant CS, et al. Selective arterial calcium stimulation with hepatic venous sampling differentiates insulinoma from nesidioblastosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100: 4189-97. 16. Kellogg TA, Bantle JP, Leslie DB, Redmond JB, Slusarek B, Swan T, et al. Postgastric bypass hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia syndrome: characterization and response to a modified diet. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2008; 4: 492-9. 17. Arao T, Okada Y, Hirose A, Tanaka Y. A rare case of adult-onset nesidioblastosis treated successfully with diazoxide. Endocr J 2006; 53: 95-100. 18. Moreira RO, Moreira RB, Machado NA, Gonçalves TB, Coutinho WF. Post-prandial hypoglycemia after bariatric surgery: pharmacological treatment with verapamil and acarbose. Obes Surg 2008; 18: 1618-21. 19. Kondo T, Tomita S, Adachi H, Motoshima H, Taketa K, Matsuyoshi A, et al. A case of hyperinsulinemia of undet- ermined origin, successfully treated with long-acting octreotide. Endocr J 2005; 52: 511-7. 20. Witteles RM, Straus IF, Sugg SL, Koka MR, Costa EA, Kaplan EL. Adult-onset nesidioblastosis causing hypoglycemia: an important clinical entity and continuing treatment dilemma. Arch Surg 2001; 136: 656-63. 21. Vanderveen KA, Grant CS, Thompson GB, Farley DR, Richards ML, Vella A, et al. Outcomes and quality of life after partial pancreatectomy for noninsulinoma pancr- eatogenous hypoglycemia from diffuse islet cell disease. Surgery 2010; 148: 1237-45; discussion 45-6. 22. Gilis-Januszewska A, Piatkowski J, Skalniak A, Piwońska- Solska B, Nazim J, Pach D, et al. Noninsulinoma pancr- eatogenous hypoglycaemia in adults - a spotlight on its genetics. Endokrynol Pol 2015; 66: 344-54. S J Ú K R A T I L F E L L I

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