Jökull


Jökull - 01.06.2000, Page 9

Jökull - 01.06.2000, Page 9
Guðrún Larsen 0 10 km 0 10 km 0 10 km Mýrdals jökul l Ice Cap Katla RJÚPNAFELL Sólheima- Kötlujökull Só lh ei m a- HJÖRLEIFS- HÖFÐI Á LFTA MÝRDALUR VÍK HAFURSEY M úl ak v Land Skálm Hólmsá Jö ku ls á Kúðafljót brotsá sandur jö ku ll 19° 00' 18° 30' 63° 30' Mýrdals jökul l Ice Cap Katla Sólheima- Kötlujökull Só lh ei m a- HJÖRLEIFS- HÖFÐI Á LFTA V E R MÝRDALUR VÍK HAFURSEY M úl ak v Land Skálm Hólmsá Jö ku ls á Kúðafljót brotsá sandur jö ku ll 19° 00' 18° 30' 63° 30' Mýrdals jökul l Ice Cap Katla Sólheima- Kötlujökull Só lh ei m a- Á LF T A V E R MÝRDALUR VÍK HAFURSEY M úl ak v Skálm Hólmsá Jö ku ls á Kúðafljót sandur jö ku ll 19° 00' 18° 30' 63° 30' 1823 VER 1860 1918 SANDFELL LeiráKRIKI RJÚPNAFELL SANDFELL KRIKI Leirá Leirá B la ut ak v MÝRDALSSANDUR SELFJALL Figure 4. Routes of three Katla jökulhlaups across the Mýrdalssandur plain shown with black arrows (Larsen, 1993). In all instances since 1600 AD, a substantial part or the main body of the jökul- hlaups have emerged at the southwest corner of Kötlu- jökull and flooded the western part of the sandur plain. In 1721, 1755 and 1918 parts of the jökulhlaup emerged at its northern margin at Kriki dur- ing the initial outburst. In 1823 the main part of the jökul- hlaup emerged at the central portion of Kötlujökull and re- peatedly flooded the eastern part of the sandur plain and the Álftaver district. The lat- ter is usually affected only by the initial outburts of the jökulhlaups. In 1860 a mi- nor flood also escaped onto Sólheimasandur. – Helstu leiðir hlaupanna 1823, 1860 og 1918, sýndar með örvum. Í öllum tilfellum síðan um 1600 hefur verulegur hluti eða meginhluti hlaupanna komið fram við suðvesturhorn Kötlu- jökuls og farið um vestanverð- an Mýrdalssand. Í Kötlugosun- um 1721, 1755 og 1918 kom hluti hlaupanna fram í Krika. Í Kötlugosinu 1823 kom megin- hlaupið fram úr miðjum Kötlu- jökli og hlaupvatn flæddi um austanverðan Mýrdalssand og niður í Álftaver allan gostím- ann, sem er óvenjulegt. Í gos- inu 1860 kom einnig smáhlaup undan Sólheimajökli. 8 JÖKULL No. 49
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Jökull

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