Læknablaðið - 01.02.2022, Blaðsíða 23

L ÆKNABL AÐIÐ 2022/108 83
R A N N S Ó K N
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E N G L I S H S U M M A R Y
Karl Skírnisson
Institute for Experimental Pathology, Keldur, University of Iceland
Correspondence: Karl Skírnisson, karlsk@hi.is
Key words: Pseudoterranova decipiens, Anisakis simplex, anisakid larvae,
human infections, Iceland
Human Pseudoterranova and Anisakis cases in Iceland 2004-2020
During 2004-2020 in total 18 anisakid larvae (Nematoda) were sent in to the Laboratory
of Parasitology at Keldur for investigation and species identification. Fourteen had
temporarily lived within the human body and were alive when detected, three were noticed
alive in food just before being consumed, one larva was found dead. Pseudoterranova
decipiens was found í 16 instances (89%), Anisakis simplex in two (11%). The one Anisakis
case was a wriggling larva detected in the diaper of a baby that was believed to have
ingested the larva with undercooked fish three days earlier in the kindergarten. In the
other case a dead larva was found entangled in fish chew, spit out by a baby being fed with
boiled haddock.
Pseudoterranova larvae in humans (n=13) were most frequently detected in the mouth (11
persons). In one instance winding movements of larva in vomit of a baby attracted the
attention of the mother, in another case a person detected tickling movements of a larva
when cleaning the anal area after defecation. Length of the 13 Pseudoterranova larvae
varied between 30 and 47 mm. They were believed to have lived in their hosts from one
up to nine days. Nine larvae had already developed to the L4, stage, four were still in the
L3 stage. Cod was the most frequently mentioned source of infection (5 of 14 cases), two
persons regarded catfish to be the culprit, one named both fish species. In one case either
sushi or plaice was believed to be the infection source, one person presumably got the
larva participating in a sushi feast. In four cases the fish source remained unknown. Most
often the larva was consumed in private homes, three persons believed to have gotten the
larva when dining in a restaurant, a harbour worker got the worm when eating raw fish
and the same baby got a larva on two different occasions in the kindergarten.
doi 10.17992/lbl.2022.02.676
Greinin barst til blaðsins 12. nóvember 2021,
samþykkt 14. desember 2021.
Þakkir
Starfsfólk á sýkla- og veirufræðideild Landspítala sendi flestar
hringormslirfurnar til tegundaákvörðunar að Tilraunastöðinni á
Keldum, í nokkrum tilvikum komu þeir sem smitast höfðu beint
með þá að Keldum. Allir þeir sem hringormar bárust frá, sem og
forráðamenn barnanna, veittu mikilvægar upplýsingar um tildrög
smitsins í hverju tilviki. Matthías Ey dal og Droplaug Ólafsdótt-
ir aðstoðuðu við greiningar í nokkrum tilvikum og tveir ritrýn-
ar komu með ýmsar gagnlegar ábendingar. Öllum ber að þakka
verðmætt liðsinni.