Læknablaðið - 15.06.1998, Síða 41

LÆKNABLAÐIÐ 1998; 84
491
and cases of mild dementia decreased, mainly
due to progression of mild dementias to more
severe forms and to the fact that most new ca-
ses were of moderate to severe degree. The
proportion of vascular dementia was 47% at
age 85 and 54% at 88, despite a higher morta-
lity in vascular dementia than in other demen-
tias.
II. Sixty-three subjects (18.2%) became
demented between age 85 and 88, giving an in-
cidence of 90.1/1000/year for both sexes com-
bined (61.3/1000/year for men and 102.7/1000/
year for women; p=0.085). The incidence of
Alzheimer's disease was 36.3/1000/year, vas-
cular dementia 39.0/1000/year (p= 1.000) and
other dementias 9.1/1000/year.
III. Both Alzheimer's disease and vascular
dementia were preceded by a large number of
cognitive impairments (e.g., in memory, ab-
stract reasoning, orientation, naming fingers,
concentration), psychiatric manifestations
(e.g., compulsions, visual hallucinations, in-
creased suspiciousness), behavioral changes
(e.g., flattened affects, emotional bluntness,
decreased self-confidence, aggressiveness) and
subcortical signs (e.g., tremor, psychomotor
retardation). The preclinical phase of Alz-
heimer's disease was characterised by distur-
bances in memory, while the preclinical phase
of vascular dementia was not.
IV. At the age of 85, the non-demented sub-
Stofnfrumugræðlingar
blóðmyndandi vefs
Leiðrétting
I maíhefti Læknablaðsins birtist greinin
Stofnfrumugrœðlingar blóðmyndandi vefs
eftir þá Kristbjörn Orra Guðmundsson, Leif
Þorsteinsson, Ásgeir Haraldsson og Svein
Guðmundsson. Þau mistök urðu við birtingu
greinarinnar að merki í tveimur töflum misrit-
uðust á þann veg, að merking er vísa átti til
neðanmálsskýringar varð að kvaðratrótar-
merki. Töflurnar eru því birtar hér aftur um leið
og beðist er afsökunar á þessum mistökum.
Verði vísað til greinarinnar skal leiðréttingar
einnig getið og tilvísun orðuð eftirfarandi: Guð-
mundsson KO, Þorsteinsson L, Haraldsson Á,
Guðmundsson S. Stofnfrumugræðlingar blóð-
myndandi vefs (leiðrétting birtist í Læknablað-
inu 1998; 84: 490). Læknablaðið 1998; 84: 373-
9.
jects had a mean score of 27.7 on MMSE, and
demented individuals scored a mean of 14.5
(p<0.001). More than half of those with mild
dementia scored above the cut-off score 23/24.
Of the non-demented, 75% scoring below 24
and 37% of those scoring 24 to 25 became de-
mented during the follow-up. Non-demented
subjects who did not develop dementia had a
mean decline in MMSE-score of 0.6 per year,
while those who became demented declined by
2.3 points per year. A decrease of four or more
points during the three years had a sensitivity
of 82% and a specificity of 80%. Correlation
was found between MMSE scores and educa-
tion both in non-demented and demented indi-
viduals.
V. Among 20 mental and physical disorders
studied, Alzheimer’s disease and vascular de-
mentia were the most important predictors of
seven-year mortality in 85-year-olds, predic-
ting 31% of all deaths in men and 50% of all
deaths in women, according to a calculation of
population attributable risk (PAR). Life expec-
tancy decreased with dementia severity. Survi-
val in women with mild Alzheimer's disease
was similar to that of non-demented women.
Key words: dementia, Alzheimer's disease, vascular
dementia, epidemiology, prevalence, incidence, survival,
preclinical symptoms, cognitive decline, very old, popu-
lation study.
Table I. The volume of blood and the number of leukocytes
from 57 umbilical cord blood samples.
(n) S,X±S.E.M." Min-Max Median
Volume (ml) 57 43.8± 3.2 6.5- 107.0 42.0
2|WBCx106 57 433.9± 46.3 11.4-1121.3 483.9
3lMNCx106 57 102.7± 10.9 4.4- 364.1 79.8
11 The results are presented as mean± standard error ol the mean.
11 Total number of white blood cells.
31 Number ot mononudear cells isolated by the Isopaque/Ficoll grad-
ient centrifugation technique.
Table II. CD34 counting and colony formation (CFU-GM and
BFU-E) of MNC samples. isolated from 40 umbilical cord blood
(n) S,X±S.E.M." Min-Max Median
CD34(%) 2,CFU-GM 40 0.93±0.14 0.09-4.80 0.75
/105 cells 3IBFU-E 40 238±26 27-760 207
/10= cells 40 506±82 21-2385 380
" The results are presented as mean± standard error of the mean.
0 (CFU-GM) Colony forming unit-granulocyte macrophage.
” (BFU-E) Burst forming unit-erythroid.