Læknablaðið - 15.02.2002, Blaðsíða 35

FRÆÐIGREINAR / ÁHRIF LÝSIS / BAKTERÍUTEGUNDIR
vegar úr framleiðslu sérhæfðra T-eitilfrumna (30,31).
Fleiri breytingum á starfsemi og fjölgun eitilfrumna
hefur verið lýst (32). Rannsóknir hafa einnig bent til
að draga mætti úr bælingu lymfocýta í sepsis með
lýsisgjöf (23). Niðurstöður hafa einnig sýnt fram á
minni framleiðslu IL-12 og interferón-gamma í dýr-
um (33). Einnig hefur verið bent á aukningu á sjálf-
stýrðum frumudauða hjá tilraunadýrum sem fengu
lýsisríkt fæði (34). Þó hafa einnig verið birtar niður-
stöður sem sýna minni vöxt malaríu in vitro og in vivo
eftir lýsisneyslu tilraunadýra sem varla styður kenn-
ingar um ónæmisbælingu (24). Því má ætla að áhrif
lýsisins á ónæmissvar líkamans sé afar fjölbreytt.
I rannsóknum okkar og annarra hefur ýmist verið
notað kornolíubætt fæði eða ólífuolíubætt fæði til við-
miðunar við lýsisgjöfina (6, 7, 9, 14, 16, 35, 36). Mis-
munur á fitusýrusamsetningunni felst fyrst og fremst í
omega-3 innihaldi lýsisins sem hvorki er í ólífuolíu né
komolíu. Viðmiðunarfæðið hefur hins vegar sýnt sömu
niðurstöður og hefðbundið fæði í tilraunum okkar (6,7,
37). Því er eðlilegt að álykta að áhrifin séu fyrst og
fremst vegna lýsisgjafarinnar og þá vegna omega-3
innihalds lýsisins.
Niðurstöður okkar nú benda ákveðið til þess að
áhrif lýsisrfks fæðis tilraunadýra séu greinileg í sýk-
ingum með Klebsiella pertumoniae en ekki í sýking-
um með Streptococcus pneumoniae. Astæður þessa
munar eru enn ekki Ijósar.
Þakkir
Sonja Vilhjálmsdóttir annaðist dýrahald á Keldum.
Örn Ólafsson aðstoðaði við tölfræðiútreikninga.
Styrkir til rannsóknarinnar fengust frá RANNÍS, Ný-
sköpunarsjóði námsmanna, Lýsi ehf, Aðstoðarmanna-
sjóði Háskóla Islands og Vísindasjóði Landspítalans.
Sýklafræðideild Landspítala lagði til bakteríurnar.
Heimildir
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