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Læknablaðið - 01.06.2018, Blaðsíða 15

Læknablaðið - 01.06.2018, Blaðsíða 15
LÆKNAblaðið 2018/104 287 R A N N S Ó K N 1. Mourani S, Dobbs SM, Genta RM, Tandon AK, Yoffe B. Hepatitis A Virus-associated Cholecystitis. Ann Intern Med 1994; 120: 398-400. 2. Davis TV, Keeffe EB. Acute pancreatitis associated with acute hepatitis A. Am J Gastroenterol 1992; 87: 1648-50. 3. Heilbrigðisskýrslur. Landlæknisembættið 1900-1979. 4. Briem H, Weiland O, Fridriksson I, Berg R. Prevalence of antibody to hepatitis A in Iceland in relation to age, sex and number of notified cases of hepatitis. Am J Epidemiol 1982; 116: 451-5. 5. Briem H. Declining prevalence of hepatitis A virus infect- ion in Iceland. Scand J Infect Dis 1991; 23: 135-8. 6. Högnadottir H, Löve A. Greining lifrarbólguveiru A. Læknablaðið 1993; 79: 223-6. 7. Farsóttaskýrslur sóttvarnalæknis-tilkynningarskyldir sjúkdómar 1997-2016. Embætti landlæknis. landlaeknir. is/smit-og-sottvarnir/smitsjukdomar/tilkynningarskyldir- sjukdomar/ - nóvember 2017. 8. Kristinsdóttir H, Löve A, Björnsson ES. Lifrarbólga A á Íslandi. Læknablaðið 2018; 104: 127-31. 9. Hepatitis A outbreak in the EU/EEA mostly affecting men who have sex with men. Rapid risk assessment. ECDC. Third update, 28 June 2017. 10. landlaeknir.is/um-embaettid/frettir/frett/item32603/ Lifrarbolgu-A-faraldur-i-Evropu - nóvember 2017 11. Briem H, Safary A. Immunogenicity and Safety in Adults of Hepatitis A Virus Vaccine Administered as a Single Dose with a Booster 6 Months later. J Med Virol 1994; 44: 443-5. 12. Mohammed RA, Ghadban W, Mohammed O. Acute acalculus cholecystitis induced by hepatitis B virus infect- ion. Case Reports Hepatol 2012: 132345. 13. Giorgio A, Francica G, Amorosos P, Fico P, de Stefano G, Pierri P, et al. Morphologic and motility changes of the gallbladder in response to acute liver injury. A prospective real-time sonographic study in 255 patients with acute viral hepatitis. J Ultrasound Med 1989; 8: 499-506. 14. Maudgal DP, Wansbrough-Jones MH, Joseph AE. Gallbladder abnormalities in acute infectious hepatitis. A prospective study. Dig Dis Sci 1984; 29: 257-60. 15. Cuk P, Iqbal M, Lykke J. Perforated acute acalculus cho- lecystitis caused by hepatitis A. Ugeskr Læger 2014; 176: V12130701. 16. Black MM, Mann NP. Gangrenous cholecystitis due to hepatitis A infection. J Trop Med Hyg 1992; 95: 73-4. 17. Ozaras R, Mert A, Yilmaz MH, Celik AD, Tabak F, Bilir M, et al. Acute viral cholecystitis due to hepatitis A virus infection. J Clin Gastroenterol 2003; 37: 79-81. 18. Souza LJ, Braga LC, Rocha Nde S, Tavares RR. Acute acalculus cholecystitis in a teenager with hepatitis A virus infection – a case report. Braz J Infect Dis 2009; 13: 74-6. 19. Kaya S, Eskazan AE, Ay N, Baysal B, Bahadir MV, Onur A, et al. Acute Acalculus Cholecystitis due to Viral Hepatitis A. Case Rep Infect Dis 2013: 407182. 20. Haffar S, Bazerbachi F, Prokop L, Watt KD, Murad MH, Chari ST. Frequency and prognosis of acute pancreatitis associated with fulminant or non-fulminant acute hepatit- is A: A systematic review. Pancreatology 2017; 17: 166-75. Sif Ormarsdóttir1 Páll Helgi Möller1,2 Alma Rut Óskarsdóttir2 Pétur Hannesson1 Arthur Löve1 Haraldur Briem3 Aim The incidence of hepatitis A (HAV) in Iceland is low with about one case per year in the last decades. Since 2016, there has been an ongoing outbreak of HAV in men who have sex with men (MSM). The aim of this study was to inves tigate whether cases diagnosed in Iceland during 2017 had any link to the HAV outbreak in Europe. Methods All cases of HAV in Iceland during 2017 were reviewed retro- spectively. Results Four of five cases diagnosed during 2017 were MSM and one was a female. Three cases presented the same week in the summer 2017. The age of the patients was between 25 and 39 years. All the male patients had had sex with men from Europe and/or had travelled to Europe prior to admis- sion. All cases had typical signs and symptoms of HAV infection and in all cases recent infection was confirmed by positive serology and exclusion of other causes of acute hepatitis. Four of five patients had radiological signs of changes in the gallbladder with thickening of the wall and oedema and one underwent later an elective cholecystect- omy. Conclusion The outbreak of HAV in MSM Europe reached Iceland in the summer 2017, emphasizing the importance of vaccination in this risk group as recommended by the Icelandic Health Authorities. The review of these cases indicate that changes such as thickening of the gallbladder wall without gallstones in patients with HAV are common. It is important to discrimi- nate patients with these changes associated with HAV from patients with acute acalculus cholecystitis. European outbreak of Hepatitis A in Iceland in 2017. Common radiological changes of the gallbladder ENGLISH SUMMARY Heimildir Barst til blaðsins 8. mars 2018, samþykkt til birtingar 16. maí 2018. 1Landspitali, University Hospital of Iceland, 2University of Iceland, Faculty of Medicine, 3Directorate of Health. Key words: Viral hepatitis A, European outbreak, men who have sex with men, acalculus cholecystitis. Correspondence: Sif Ormarsdóttir, sifor@landspitali.is

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