Læknablaðið - 15.02.2012, Blaðsíða 16

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ENGLISH SUMMARY
Screening for risk factors of sudden cardiac death in young athletes
Thorolfsson B, Thordardottir FR.Gunnarsson GTh, Sigurdsson AF
Objective: Sudden cardiac death in young athletes is relatively uncom-
mon and is usually caused by occult underlying cardiovascular disease.
Studies have indicated that preparticipation screening may reduce
the incidence of sudden death. Our aim was to study the feasibility of
standardized preparticipation screening in young competitive lcelandic
athletes. The prevalence of risk factors was studied in order to evaluate
how often further examination is indicated and to assess possible costs,
Material and methods: A total of 105 randomly selected competitive
athletes (70 men, 35 women) between the age 18-35 received standard
screening with medical history, cardiac examination and 12 lead ECG.
Results: The most frequent complaints revealed by medical history
were allergy, excema, asthma, dyspnea on exercise, chest pain on
exercise, palpitations on exercise, dizziness and fainting on exercise.
Physical examination was abnormal in 20 (19%). 12 lead ECG was
distinctly abnormal in 22 (21%) and mildly abnormal in 23 (22%). Transt-
horacal echocardiography (TTE) was performed on 19 (18%). Of those,
TTE was normal in six athletes (32%) and mildly abnormal in 13 (68%),
none had abnormal findings indicating structural heart disease.
Conclusion: Symptoms associated with cardiac disease are frequently
described among young athletes. Abnormal ECG was commonly found.
Further examination with echocardiography may be indicated in one of
every four athletes screened.
Key words: sudden death, young athletes, screening, risk factors. Correspondence: Axel F. Sigurðsson, axel@hjartamidstodin.is
'University of lceland, 2University Hospital of lceland, 3Hospital of Akureyri, 4Center for Heart Dieases.
88 LÆKNAblaðið 2012/98