Læknablaðið - 15.05.2012, Blaðsíða 22

RANNSÓKN
þeirra verulega ábótavant. Að sama skapi er hlutfall líkamsfitu
þeirra alltof hátt og of hátt hlutfall yfir kjörþyngd. Einnig fannst
hækkaður slagþrýstingur, LDL og þríglýseríð og lækkað HDL hjá
um 10% unglinganna. Unglingar í verknámsskóla virðast auk þess
vera heldur verr á sig komnir en jafnaldrar þeirra í bóknámsskól-
um. Aðgerða er því þörf til að auka hreyfingu og minnka líkams-
fitu og fylgikvilla hjá þessum aldurshópi.
Þakkir
Höfundar vilja þakka Andrési Þórarni Eyjólfssyni, Ágústu
Tryggvadóttur, Gunnari Axel Davíðssyni og Stefáni Guðmunds-
syni alla hjálpina við gagnaöflunina. Einnig vilja höfundar þakka
styrktaraðilum rannsóknarinnar: íþróttasjóði menntamálaráðu-
neytisins, Rannsóknarsjóði Háskóla íslands, Rannsóknarsjóði
Kennaraháskóla íslands, Forverkefnasjóði RANNÍS, íslenskri
getspá og World Class.
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ENGLISH SUMMARY
Body composition, aerobic fitness, physical activity and metabolic profile among
18 year old lcelandic high-school students
Arngrimsson SA, Richardsson EB, Jonsson K, Olafsdottir AS
Objective: The purpose of the study was to examine metabolic risk
factors among 18 year old high-school students and compare students
attending vocational and traditional schools.
Material and methods: Participants (147 boys and 130 girls) were
randomly selected. Physlcal activity (PA) was measured with pedome-
ters and aerobic fitness (fitness) with maximal oxygen uptake test on
atreadmill. Height, weight, waist circumference (WC), and body mass
index (BMI) were measured and percentage body fat (%Fat) assessed
with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Resting blood pressure (BP) and
serum lipids and glucose were measured.
Results: According to BMI, 23% of the students were overweight/
obese, 20% had elevated WC, and 51% increased %Fat. In addition,
11% of the students had high-density lipoprotein below recommended
levels, and 8% had low-density lipoprotein and 9% triglycerides above
advised values. Finally, 10% had borderline or high systolic BP. In cont-
rast, 84% of the students had fair or higher levels of fitness, although
only 34% reached recommended levels of daily PA. According to %Fat,
a higher proportion of boys (33%) than girls (22%) were classified as
obese (p=0.042) but a higher proportion of boys (57%) were very fit
(57 vs. 24%, p<0.001). Vocational students had lower levels of fitness
(Cohen's d (Cd)=0.7) and PA (Cd=0.7), and higher %Fat (Cd=0.5), WC
(Cd=0.6), and BP (Cd=0.3, p<0.05).
Conclusion: Although fitness among 18 year old lcelandic high-school
students seems generally good, their PA is low and %Fat elevated.
Serum lipids and systolic BP are also increased in about 10% of the
teenagers. Vocational students measure worse on most metabolic risk
factors than traditional students.
Keywords: Body Composition, Physical Activity, Aerobic Fitness, Metabolic Profile
Correspondence: Sigurbjörn Árni Arngrimsson sarngrim@hi.is
Center for Sport and Health Sciences, University of lceland, Laugarvatn, lceland
282 LÆKNAblaðið 2012/98