Læknablaðið - 01.11.2016, Blaðsíða 24

496 LÆKNAblaðið 2016/102
R A N N S Ó K N
Heimildir
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ENGLISH SUMMARY
Introduction: Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) is serious and often
has long-term consequences. Since no cure has been found the emp-
hasis has been on preventive measures. The incidence of TSCI varies
between countries and the epidemiology has been changing. The aim of
this study was to gather epidemiological data on patients with TSCI in
Iceland and search for risk factors.
Material and methods: Hospital records of everyone diagnosed with
TSCI in 1975-2014 admitted to Landspitali University Hospital were revi-
ewed and information gathered on incidence, age, gender and causes
of injury. The American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS)
was used to assess the extent of TSCI.
Results: A total of 233 patients were diagnosed with TSCI during the
study period or 26 per million annually on average. Males were 73% and
the mean age was 39 years. Traffic accidents were the most common
cause of TSCI. The majority were car rollovers in rural areas. Around
50% did not use a seatbelt. The second most common cause of TSCI
were falls. The most common sport/leisure accidents were those related
to horseback-riding and winter sports. A third of patients had a complete
SCI. At discharge 9% had gained full recovery.
Conclusions: Safe roads and good traffic culture are essential factors in
the prevention of serious traffic accidents. Strict safety regulations in the
work place and an investigation of causes of falls amongst the elderly
could decrease SCIs due to falls. Further preventive measures and prot-
ective equipment could possibly be of use in sport- or leisure-related
activities.
Epidemiology of Spinal Cord Injury in Iceland from 1975 to 2014
Eyrún Arna Kristinsdóttir1, Sigrún Knútsdóttir2, Kristinn Sigvaldason3, Halldór Jónsson jr.1,4, Páll E. Ingvarsson1,2
1Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 2Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Landspítali University Hospital, 3Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care,
Landspítali University Hospital, 4Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Landspítali University Hospital.
Key words: Traumatic spinal cord injury, incidence, age, gender, causes, extent.
Correspondence: Páll E. Ingvarsson, palling@landspitali.is