Íslenskt mál og almenn málfræði - 2014, Page 53

Íslenskt mál og almenn málfræði - 2014, Page 53
Wood, Jim. 2011. Stylistic Fronting in Spoken Icelandic Relatives. Nordic Journal of Linguistics 34(1):29–60. Zaenen, Annie E. 1980. Extraction Rules in Icelandic. Doktorsritgerð, Harvard-háskóla. [Gefin út 1985 hjá Garland, New York]. summary ‘On stylistic fronting and related constructions in Icelandic and Faroese’ Keywords: stylistic fronting, expletive insertion, verb-first, embedded clauses This paper reports on the similarities and differences between Stylistic Fronting (SF) and related constructions in Icelandic and Faroese. Contrary to the claim that “any category can become an expletive” (Holmberg 2000), it is shown that stylistically fronted elements and overt expletives are not equivalent. In both languages, expletive insertion is preferred over SF in complement clauses, but in Faroese, unlike in Icelandic, expletive insertion is preferred over SF in adverbial clauses and relative clauses as well. In most cases, fronting past participles is easy in Faroese (at least in relative clauses), as it is in Icelandic, but fronting verbal particles and prepositions seems to be heavily restricted in Faroese, unlike in Icelandic. Another finding is that many instances of SF found in Icelandic corpora are in fact fixed idioms where the expected unmarked variant is doubtful or ungrammatical. The Icelandic production data also show that past participles are the most commonly fronted elements in Icelandic relative clauses, but adverbs are the most commonly fronted ele- ments in complement clauses. Younger speakers of Icelandic do not like embedded SF as much as older speakers do. This could be interpreted as an ongoing change in the language. However, it must be taken into account that these constructions are more common in written language and in a formal style of speech; thus the older informants are perhaps more likely to accept features of ‘elevated’ style, even though they are being asked for judg- ments about their own usage in the spoken language. Data from interviews confirm that people consider these constructions formal and ‘sophisticated’. The overall data presented and discussed here suggest that the possibility of SF is partly conditioned by the clause type and the nature of the element fronted by SF and partly by lexical/idio matic factors. Ásgrímur Angantýsson Menntavísindasviði Háskóla Íslands IS-105 Reykjavík, ÍSLAND asgriman@hi.is Um stílfærslu og skyld orðaraðartilbrigði í íslensku og færeysku 53
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