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Volume

Læknablaðið - 15.03.1999, Page 10

Læknablaðið - 15.03.1999, Page 10
202 LÆKNABLAÐIÐ 1999; 85 Óþægindi frá hreyfi- og stoðkerfi meðal starfsfólks matvöruverslana Þórunn Sveinsdóttir”, Hulda Ólafsdóttir1', Vilhjálmur Rafnsson2’ Sveinsdóttir Þ, Ólafsdóttir H, Rafnsson V Musculoskeletal symptoms among supermarket workers Læknablaðið 1999; 85: 202-9 Objectives: The aim was to study the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms among supermarket wor- kers in Iceland with special emphasis on the chec- kers. Material and inethods: The sample was all workers in supermarkets in Reykjavík and Akureyri, which had at least three check-out stations. The sample comprised 653 persons, 448 females and 205 males. The Nordic Questionnaire was mailed to the partici- pants’ home addresses. Symptoms of female checkers were compared to symptoms among other workers by Mantel-Haenszel test (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. Results: Compared to other females symptoms among the checkers who worked 20 hours or more a week were high for neck (OR=4.0; 95% CI=1.5- 10.7), shoulders (OR=4.5; 95% CI=1.4-14.4), upper back (OR=2.3; 95% CI=1.1-4.7) and wrists (OR=1.2; 95% CI=0.4-3.0) when adjusted for age. Taking years at work into account gives similar results. For hips OR was 0.3 (95% 0=0.1-0.9). Women who had jobs with different work tasks, in- cluding checker work, had substantially lower preva- lence of symptoms compared to women who only did checker work. Conclusions: The high prevalence of symptoms from neck, shoulders and upper back among chec- Frá "atvinnusjúkdómadeild Vinnueftirlits ríkisins, Bílds- höfða 16, 112 Reykjavík, !lRannsóknastofu í heilbrigðis- fræði Háskóla íslands, Sóltúni 1, 105 Reykjavík. Fyrir- spurnir, bréfaskipti: Þórunn Sveinsdóttir, atvinnusjúkdóma- deild Vinnueftirlits rikisisns, Bíldshöföa 16, 112 Reykjavík. Sími: 567 2500, bréfsími: 567 4086, netfang: torunn@ver.is Lykilorð: óþægindi frá hreyfi- og stoðkerfi, matvöruversl- anir, afgreiösiukassar, vinnuskipuiag, einhæf vinna. kers with extended working hours could be related to the repetitive movements which the job demands. It is suggested that those working as checkers should have alternative work tasks and the time at the checkout-stations should be limited. Key words: musculoskeletal symptoms, supermarkets, checkout-stations, work organisation, repetitive work. Ágrip Tilgangur: Tilgangur rannsóknarinnar var að kanna algengi óþæginda frá hreyfi- og stoð- kerfi meðal starfsfólks matvöruverslana, eink- um hvort óþægindi væru tíðari meðal þeirra sem vinna við afgreiðslukassa en annarra. Efniviður og aðferðir: í markhópnum voru allir starfsmenn matvöruverslana í Reykjavík og á Akureyri sem höfðu þrjá afgreiðslukassa eða fleiri, alls 448 konur og 205 karlar. Nor- ræni spumingalistinn um óþægindi frá hreyfi- og stoðkerfi var sendur heim til þátttakenda. Samanburður var gerður á óþægindum kvenna sem unnu við afgreiðslukassa og kvenna við önnur störf í matvöruverslunum. Mantel- Haenszel jafna var notuð til að reikna áhættu- hlutfall (odds ratio, OR) með 95% öryggis- mörkum (confidence interval, CI), lagskipt var eftir lífaldri og starfsaldri. Niðurstöður: Borið saman við aðrar starfs- systur höfðu konur sem unnu við afgreiðslu- kassa 20 klukkustundir eða lengur á viku mun tíðari óþægindi frá hálsi (OR=4,0; 95% CI=1,5-10,7), herðum (OR=4,5; 95% CI=1,4- 14,4) og efri hluta baks (OR=2,3; 95% CI=1,1- 4,7). Óþægindi í ntjöðmum voru hins vegar fá- tíðari (OR=0,3; 95% CI=0,1-0,9). Konur sem unnu til skiptis við afgreiðslukassa, á lager, í kjötdeild og við búðarborð höfðu mun sjaldnar óþægindi en þær sem unnu eingöngu við kassa. Alyktanir: Algengi óþæginda í hálsi, herð-
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