The Botany of Iceland - 01.12.1942, Blaðsíða 365
THE PTERIDOPHYTA AND SPERMATOPHYTA OF ICELAND
363
Geogr. area: N. Am. (naturalized from Eur.).—Greenl. : W. (introduced at Ivigtut).
—Eur.: Fær.; E.S.I.; throughout Eur. from 68°49' N. lat. in Scandinavia.—Asia:
Northern and western Asia to northern China, Japan. Afghanistan.—Africa. Algeria.
Cirsium helenioides Hill.
Carduus heteroþhyllus, Olafsen & Povelsen, 1772, p. 679.—Mohr, 1786, p. 205.—
Babington, 1871, p. 314.
Mentioned by O. & P. as growing east of Eyjafjörður. Also entered in some
other early lists. It should be excluded from the Icelandic Flora.
Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Airy-Shaw. (Syn. Cirsium lanceolatum Scop.).
Carduus lanceolatus, König & Miiller, 1770, p. 209.—Babington, 1771, p. 314.
This species is recorded in König & Miiller’s list, and also entered in all the
succeeding older lists. Babington, however, has doubts about this plant. It should
be excluded from the Icelandic Flora.
386. Erigeron borealis (Vierh.) Simm. Acta Univ. Lund. n. s. IX,
no. 19 (1913) p. 127.
E. alþinum, K. & M., 1770, p. 209.—E. alþinus L., Babington, 1871, p. 312.—
Grpnlund, Isl. Fl., 1881, p. 80.—E. neglectus Kern., Stefánsson, Fl. tsl., ed. 1,
1901, p. 197.—E. borealis (Vierh.) Simm., Ibid., ed. 2, 1924, p. 223.—O. &
Gr., 1934, p. 138.
Flora Dan. tab. 292.
Icelandic : Jakobsfífill. Danish : Bjerg-Bakkestjerne.
In most of the older lists no distinction is made between E. borealis and E. uni-
florus; most of the records may, no doubt, be referred to E. borealis (Vierh.) Simm.,
when it is taken into consideration that the main part of the specimens collected
belong to the latter species.
Common in all parts, both in the lowland and in the central highland, up to
750 m s. m. at least.
Lifc-form : H.
On rocks, grassy slopes; in home-fields, meadows, lava-fields; on mountain-slopes,
in low scrub, etc.
Flor. VI—VIII; fr. mat. VII—VIII.
Max. height: 28 cm; average: 12 cm.
Geogr. area: Am.: Newfoundland, Labrador.—Greenl. : W. 60°—65°12'. E. 60°
—66° 18'.—Eur. : S.; northern to central Scandinavia, northern Russia.
387. Erigeron eriocephalus J. Vahl, Fl. Dan. fasc. 39 (1840), Lindman
in Botan. Notiser, 1910, p. 161.
Steindórsson, 1937, p. 38.
Flora Dan. tab. 2299.
Herbarium specimens determined as E. uniflorus (collected by Steindórsson_
1935, at Eyjabakkar under Snæfell, E., and sent to the Botanical Museum in Helsinki,
Finland) were recognized by Dr. H. Lindberg, partly as E. unalaschkensis, partly as
E. erioceþhalus. As far as is known this is the first record of the last-named plant
in Iceland. A specimen collected at the foot of Arnarfell hið mikla (J.Gr., 1934) I
have also placed to this species.-—See fig. 171.