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tímarit hjúkrunarfræðinga • 1. tbl. 96. árg. 2020 83
Aim: good self-care can reduce lifestyle related risk factors for
coronary heart disease (ChD) and slow disease progression. The
aim of this study was to describe risk factors, self-care and self-
confidence of individuals with ChD.
Method: Cross-sectional study design was used. Participants were
patients admitted to hospitals in iceland for a treatment of ChD.
Data about risk factors, disease-related knowledge and back-
ground were collected at discharge, using questionnaires, physical
measurements and medical records. The “Self-Care of Coronary
heart Disease inventory” (SC-ChDi) was used to measure self-
care maintenance, management, and confidence (possible score
0-100 for each domain, higher scores indicate better self-care).
Data was analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: Participants were 445 (80% males), with mean age 64.1
years (SD 9.1). almost half (45%) of the participants had a history
of hospitalization for ChD, at the time of recruitment in the study
47% were admitted acutely. almost half (42%) of participants were
overweight, 42% were obese, 20% had diabetes and 18% were ac-
tive smokers. a total of 23% had symptoms of anxiety and 18%
had symptoms of depression. The mean score for self-care main-
tenance was 61.6 (SD 15.4), management 53.5 (SD 18.5), and self-
confidence 52.3 (SD 22.9). Better self-care maintenance was
associated with better disease-related knowledge, being female,
living with others and having previously been hospitalized for
ChD (r2 = 0,149, p < 0,01). Better self-care management was as-
sociated with having previously been hospitalized because of ChD
(r2 = 0,018, p < 0,01). Better self-care confidence was associated
with better disease-related knowledge, younger age and less symp-
toms of depression (r2 = 0,086, p < 0,01).
Conclusion: Self-care and risk factors of individuals with ChD
were found to be unfavorable. Post-discharge follow-up and pa-
tient education can be an important factor in enhancing confi-
dence to self-care and thus improving risk factor profiles.
Keywords: Coronary heart disease, risk factors, self-care, self-care
confidence, patient education.
Correspondent: mhs@unak.is
English Summary
Svavarsdóttir, M.h., Sæmundsdóttir, k.g., ingadóttir, B.
risk factors and self care of individuals with coronary heart disease: cross sectional study