The Botany of Iceland - 01.12.1942, Qupperneq 211

THE PTERIDOPHYTA AND SPERMATOPHYTA OF ICELAND
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Life-form: Ph.
Forming scrub and woods; in heaths etc.; sometimes cultivated.
Flor. V—VII; fr. mat. VII—VIII.
Max. height: 10 m; average: 1—2 m.
Geogr. area: Am.: (B. þaþyrifera Marsh) Northeastern N. Am., from lat. N. 44°
—60°.—Greenl. : W. 60°—62°30'. E. 60°10'—61°24'.—Eur. : E.S.I.; from northern-
most Eur. southward to the Alps. Caucasus.—Asia: Siberia, eastward to Kamchatka.
U rticaceae.
166. Urtica dioica Linn., Sp. pl. ed. I (1753) p. 984.
K. & M., 1770, p. 210.—Babington, 1871, p. 326.—Gronlund, Isl. Fl., 1881,
p. 91 (note).—H. Jónsson, 1896, p. 338.—Stefánsson, Fl. ísl., ed. 1, 1901,
p. 76.—Ibid., ed. 2, 1924, p. 86,—O. & Gr., 1934, p. 53.
Flora Dan. tab. 746.
Icelandic: Stórnetla, Tvíbýlisnetla. Danish: Tvebo Nælde. English : Stinging Nettle,
Great Nettle.
This species, which according to H. Jónsson (in mscr.) should originally have
been cultivated, has hitherto only been found near inhabited places, around houses,
as a weed in gardens, in home-fields, etc. Now it seems to be quite naturalized
and to thrive well. In most cases it propagates by its creeping rhizomes only, but
plants with normally developed fruits are found ; both male and female specimens
have been collected in Iceland. Recorded from some ten localities.
Life-form : H.
Around inhabited places; in cultivated areas.
Flor. VII—VIII ; fr. mat. VIII—IX.
Max. height: 120 cm ; average: 35 cm.
Geogr. area: N. Am.: Naturalized from Eur.—Greenl.: W. (introduccd at Ivigtut).
—Eur.: Fær.; E.S.I. ; temperate parts of Europe.—Asia: Temp, parts.
167. Urtica urens Linn., Sp. pl. cd. I (1753) p. 984.
K. & M., 1770, p. 210.—Babington, 1871, p. 326.—Gronlund, Isl. Fl., 1881,
p. 91.—Stefánsson, Fl. ísl., ed. 1, 1901, p. 76.—Ibid., ed. 2, 1924, p. 86.—
O. & Gr., 1934, p. 53.
Flora Dan. tab. 739.
Icelandic: Brenninetla, Notrugras. Danish : Brændenælde. English: Small Nettle.
Most probably U. urens was originally accidentally introduced into Iceland.
Now ít ís usually only found as a weed in gardens and around houses; in some
cases ít may occur at a long distance from inhabited places, apparently growing
spontaneously, thus H. Jónsson (1899, p. 191) records it from Dalasýsla, W., grow-
ing in strand-sand.
Life-form: Th.
On cultivated soil, in gardcns, around inhabited places, on sandy beaches.
Flor. VII; fr. mat. (?).
Max. height: 40 cm ; average: 22 cm.
Geogr. area: N. Am.: Naturalized from Eur.—Greenl.: W. (introduced, occurring
UP to 69° lat. N.).—Eur.: Fær.; E.S.I.; throughout temperate Europe.—Asia:
Temperate regions.
The Botany of Iceland. Vol. IV. Part I.
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