The Botany of Iceland - 01.12.1942, Side 315
THE PTERIDOPHYTA AND SPERMATOPHYTA OF ICELAND
313
316. Arctostaphylos Uva-ursi (L.) Spr., System. veg. II (1825) p. 287.
Arbutus Uva-ursi, K. & M., 1770, p. 207.—Arctostaph. Uva-ursi Spr., Ba-
bington, 1871, p. 316.—Gronlund, Isl. Fl., 1881, p. 62.—Stefánsson, Fl. ísl.,
ed. 1, 1901, p. 158,—Ibid., ed. 2, 1924, p. 178,—O. & Gr., 1934, p. 105.
Flora Dan. tab. 33.
Icelandic: Sortulyng. Danish: Stedsegron Melbærris. English: Bearberry.
Common in most parts of the lowland ; in the central highland only recorded
from few places: some localities at Hvítárvatn (J.Gr., 1934).
One of the dominant species in heather moors, and likewise often one of the
predominant species of the bottom layer of scrub (cp. T.T., 1914, p. 339).
Life-form : Ch.
In copses, heather moors, heaths.
Flor. VI—VII; fr. mat. VII—VIII.
Length of shoots: 20—40 cm.
Geogr. area: Am.: Arctic parts from Labrador to Alaska, southward to Virginia,
Illinois, New Mexico.—Greenl.: W. 66°29'—66°58'.—Eur.: E.S.I.; in Norway from
70°10' N. southward throughout Eur.; Caucasus.—Asia: Northern Siberia to 64°
N. lat. Himalaya, Altai, Ural.
317. Calluna vulgaris (L.) Salisbury, Trans. Linn. Soc. VI (1802)
p. 317.
Erica vulgaris, K. & M., 1770, p. 207.—Calluna vulgaris Salisb., Babington,
1871, p. 316.—Gronlund, Isl. Fl., 1881, p. 61.—Stefánsson, Fl. Isl., ed. 1,
1901, p. 156.—Ibid., ed. 2, 1924, p. 176,—O. & Gr., 1934, p. 105.
Flora Dan. tab. 677.
Icelandic: Beitilyng, Beitibuski. Danish: Hedelyng. English: Common Heather,
Ling.
Common in the lowland, save for N.W., whence it has not as yet been recorded ;
nor are there any records from the central highland. It is the main plant in most
of the Icelandic heaths and heather moors. It would seem that it rarely produces
ripe seeds in Iceland.
It is very much valued by the Icelandic farmers for in the winter it is one of
the chief fodder plants for the sheep.
Life-form: Ch.
In scrub, heaths and heather moors, on hill-slopes, in the lava-fields.
Flor. VIII; fr. mat. (?).
Max. height: 25 cm; average: 20 cm.
Geogr. area: Am.: (f. atlantica Seemann) New Jersey to Newfoundland.—Eur.:
Fær.; E.S.I.; from northern Scandinavia and Russia southward throughout Europe.—
Asia: Western Siberia, northern Asia Minor.—Afr. : Morocco, Azores.
318. Cassiope hypnoides (L.) Don, Edinb. New Phil. Journ. 17
(1834) p. 157.
Andromeda hypnoides K. & M., 1770, p. 207.-—Babington, 1871, p. 316.—
Cassiope hypn. Don, Gronlund, Isl. Fl., 1881, p. 61.—Stefánsson, Fl. ísl.,
ed. 1, 1901, p. 157.—Ibid., ed. 2, 1924, p. 177,—O. & Gr., 1934, p. 105.
Flora Dan. tab. 10.