The Botany of Iceland - 01.12.1942, Qupperneq 324

322
JOHS. GRONTVED
Recorded by the Rev. Dr. Walker, 1889, according to Bennet, loc. cit. It is not
mentioned by other authors, and it is unlikely that it should have been found in
Iceland.
329. Gentiana Amarella Linn., Sp. pl. ed. I (1753) p. 230, subsp.
lingulata C. A. Agardh in Lunds Physiogr. Salls. Ársberet. 1824,
p. 29 (1825).
G. Amarella K. & M., 1770, p. 205.—[? G. autumnalis L., Preyer & Zirkel,
1862, p. 363].—Babington, 1871, p. 318.—Gronlund, Isl. Fl., 1881, p. 73.—
G. Amarella L. *subarctica Murb., Stefánsson, Fl. ísl., ed. 1, 1901, p. 182.—
Ibid., ed. 2, 1924, p. 206.—O. & Gr., 1934, p. 111.
Flora Dan. tab. 328.
Icelandic: Grænvöndur. Danish: Smalbægret Ensian. English: Bitter-wort, Fel-
wort.
Common in all parts in the lowland, especially in the coastal areas; it does not
so far seem to have been found in the central highland.
The Icelandic plants belong to the var. subarctica Murbeck, characterized as
follows (cp. Murbeck, in Acta Hort. Berg., II. No. 3 (1892) p. 19) : stem 3—14 cm
high ; intemodes 2—4; upper leaves acutish ; lobes of calyx rather unequal, elongate,
largest lobes up to 3 times as long as the tube. Corolla narrow, subelongate,
greenish-violet.
Cp. also C. A. Agardh (loc. cit.).
Life-form: Th. (H.).
On grassy slopes, grass moors.
Flor. VII—VIII; fr. mat. (VIII).
Max. height: 18 cm; average: 9 cm.
Geogr. area: (coll. species) Am.: (var. acuta) Labrador to Alaska, Maine, Minnesota,
mts. of Arizona and Mexico.—Eur.: E.S.I.; from northem Scandinavia (70° N.
lat.) southward to Central Europe.—Asia: Northern and Central Asia to Altai and
Mongolia. Songaria, Baikal.
330. Gentiana aurea Linn., Sp. pl. ed. II (1762) p. 331.
G. quinquefolia Oed., Fl. Dan., fasc. 6 (1767) p. 8.—Zoéga, 1772, p. 5.—
G. involucrata Fr., Babington, 1871, p. 318.—G. aurea L., Gronlund, Isl. Fl.,
1881, p. 72—Stefánsson, Fl. ísl., ed. 1, 1901, p. 183.—Ibid., ed. 2, 1924,
p. 208,—O. & Gr., 1934, p. 112.
Flora Dan. tab. 344.
Icelandic: Gullvöndur.
Common in all parts of the lowland, also found in several places in the central
highland : Hvcravellir, Hvítárvatn, Fróðárdalur (J.Gr., 1934), and probably common
there also.
A highly varying species; the following forms occur in Icel.:
f. arenaria (Stef.), dwarfish, about 2 cm high.
f. uniflora Lge., with a solitary flower at the apex of stem and branches.
f. umbellata M. v. Bicb., with the uppermost flowers long pedunculate.
Life-form: Th. (H.).
On grassy slopes, in sandy soil, especially near the sea-shore; in low scrub; on
sunny hill-slopes.