Læknablaðið

Volume

Læknablaðið - 01.09.1979, Page 19

Læknablaðið - 01.09.1979, Page 19
LÆKNABLAÐIÐ 171 Rætt er um aðgerðir til að fyrirbyggja sjónskerðingu hjá börnum og erfðaráðgjöf fyrir foreldra með arfgenga sjúkdóma. SUMMARY In 1978, a study was made of legally blind (corrected visual acuity 6/60 or less) and partially seeing (CVA 6/18 to 6/60) children under 17 years of age in Iceland. A total of 46 children were found, of whome 19 were legally blind and 27 partially seeing. Of the 43 children under 15 years of age, 16 were legally blind and 27 partially seeing. For those under 15 years of age, the prevalence rates, expressed as the number per 100.000 children of similar age, 25,3 for legal blindness and 42,7 for partial sight. In all 46 children, the visual loss was attri- butable to heritable, congenital, or develop- mental defects. The most common cause of visual loss was optic nerve atrophy, which accounted for a third of the cases. Other causes are listed and discussed. No cases of aquired visual loss were found, which could explain the fact that the prevalence rates reported by us are lower than those reported in he United States. In addition to visual loss, other congeni- tcil birth defects were found in 24 of the children. CNS affection was found in 20 of the children, and of these, 15 were mentally retarted. Eight chlidren, 6—18 years of age, were enrolled at the School for the Blind, and of these 6 were legally blind. Other school age children were either in schools for the handi- capped or in schools with normal children. Various methods of preventing visual loss in children, including counselling of parents with heritable disorders, are discussed. HEIMILDIR 1. Baghdassarian, S.G., Tabbara, K.: Childhood blindness in Lebanon. Am. J. Ophthalmology May 1975. 2. Baldursson, G., Bjarnason, Ó., Halldórsson, S., Júlíusdóttir, E., Kjeld, M.: Maternal rubella in Iceland 1963—1964 . Scandinavian Audiology, March 1972. 3. Björnsson, G.: Blinda á Islandi. Læknablað- ið 38. árg. 5. tbl. 1954. 4. Cavender, C.J., Schwartz, L.J., Spivey, B.E.: Hereditary Macular Dystrophies Clinical Ophthalmology Vol. 3. 5. Geeraets, W.J.: Ocular Syndromes, Lea & Febiger 1969. 6. Hatfield, E.M.: Why are they blind? The Sight-Saving Review Vol. 45 No 1, 1975. 7. Hatfield, E.M.: Blindness in infants and young children. The Sight-Saving Review Vol. 42, No 2 1972. 8. Mannslátabók II. Skrifstofa landlæknis 1953. 9. Nadler, H.L.: Prenatal detection of genetic defects. Advances in Pediatrics 1976. 10. Sigurjónsson, J.: Rubella and congenital cataract blindness. The Medical Journal of Australia. April 21, 1962. 11. Sveinsson, K.: Blindir menn á Islandi. Heil- brigt lif, IV árg. 1—2 hefti 1944. 12. Vaugham, D., Asbury, T.: General Opht- halmology 8th ed. Lange 1977. Rúnar Sigfússon, verkfræðingur SAMRÆMD RAFTÆKNIÞJÓNUSTA FYRIR HEILBRIGÐISSTOFNANIR FRÁ SKRIFSTOFU LANDLÆKNIS Formáli. Síðastliðið sumar fór fram á vegum landlæknis lausleg könnun á rekstri raf- eindatækja á nokkrum heilbrigðisstofnun- um utan Reykjavíkur. Tilgangur könnun- ar var að fá mynd af tækjarekstri smærri stcfnana. Niðurstöður og umræður voru dregnar saman í stutta skýrslu til land- læknis.1 Þar kemur fram, að mörgu er tal- ið ábótavant í rekstrinum, en einna alvar- legast er, að kröfum um öryggi er ekki talið fullnægt. Átt er við kröfur um að tæki starfi rétt og af notkun þeirra stafi ekki bein hætta, hvorki sjúklingum né starfsliði. í heild gefur skýrslan tilefni til umræðu um stofnun samræmdrar raftækniþjónustu fyrir heilbrigðisstofnanir landsins. — Hér verður rætt um verksvið slíkrar þjónustu, þ. e. a. s. tæknilega ráðgiöf við kaup tækja, viðgerðarþjónustu, kerfisbundið eftirlit og kennslu starfsliðs í meðferð og notkun tækja. Einnig verður gerð grein fyrir þörf könnunar á tækjaeign heilbrigðisstofnana sem undanfara áætlanagerðar um stærð og skipulag áðurnefndrar tækniþjónustu.

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