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ENGLISH SUMMARY
Early life residency associated with the risk of developing type 2 diabetes
- The population-based Reykjavík Study
Olafsdottir E1-2, Aspelund T14, Torfadottir JE2, Steingrimsdottir L35, Sigurdsson G45, Thorsson B\ Benediktsson R45, Eiriksdottir G\
Valdimarsdottir UA2, Gudnason V' 4
Introduction: Sedentary lifestyle and energy rich food have been
associated with the risk of developing type 2 diabetes; limited data are
available on environmental conditions in childhood on this risk later in
life. The objective was to study if residency in the first 20 years of life
affected the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
Methods: In a cohort of 17811 men (48%) and women, mean age 53
years (range 33-81) participating in the population-based Reykjavík
Study from 1967-91, 29% grew up in rural and 35% in coastal areas for
an average of 20 years before moving to urban Reykjavik, but 36% lived
in Reykjavík from birth. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes according to
residency in early life was examined.
Results: The relative risk of developing type 2 diabetes was 43% lower
in men (RR 0.57; 95% Cl 0.43-0.77) and 26% lower (RR 0.74; 95% Cl
0.56-0.99) in women living in rural areas for the first 20 years of their life
compared with those living in urban Reykjavík from birth. The low preva-
lence among those that grew up in rural areas was maintained through
the age categories of 55-64 years and 65 years and older.
Conclusions: Our findings indicate that persons growing up in rural
areas in early 20,h century lceland had lower risk of developing type 2
diabetes later in life when compared with peers living in Reykjavík from
birth. We postulate a prolonged effect of early development on glucose
metabolism and risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
Key words: Cohort study, type 2 diabetes, rural area, urban area, long term risk evaluation of type 2 diabetes, Reykjavik Study.
Correspondence: Vilmundur Guðnason, v.gudnason@hjartavernd.is
’lcelandic Heart Association,2Center of Public Health Sciences, 3Faculty ofFood Science and Nutrition,4Faculty ofMedicine, University of lceland,5Landspitali University Hospital
644 LÆKNAblaðið 2012/98