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Heimildir
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Background
The life expectancy of prematurely born
neonates has increased in the past years
and neonatal inten sive care units (NICU)
have seen more ad mis sions. The neonates
must go through painful inter ven tions
due to necessary treatments. Pain assess­
ment for new­borns is complicated and
especially for premature neonates. To
this day there is no golden standard for
pain assessment in this sensitive popu­
lation. It is important to adapt reliable
and vali dated pain assessment scales with
known clin i cal applicability in NICU
care. The goal of this re search is to test
the feasibility, validity, and relia bility of
(IcePIPP­R) scale in an Icelandic NICU.
Method
The study used a cross over randomized
design with a convenience sample of 50
preterm and sick neonates with cor rect­
ed gestational age from 23 – 42 weeks
staying at a NICU in Iceland during the
time of data collection. Two re searchers
conducted pain assessment with the Ice­
PIPP­R scale in three different con di­
tions, impartial, disturbed, and pain ful.
Data was processed with SPSS – pro­
gram using descriptive and ex plana­
tory statistics. Anal ysis of variance was
used and correlation tests (ANOVA,
Cronbach’s, and Pearson’s) with the help
of the SPSS statistic program.
Results
Findings show that there is an inter­rater
reliability between all measurements
and also significant cor re lation between
ma jor ity of assessment factors in the Ice­
PIPP­R scale and no significant differ­
ence between raters in any of the three
different situa tions. Inter consistency
between both re searchers was acceptable
in all of the three situa tions. The variance
analysis showed that the IcePIPP­R scale
shows significant difference between all
mea sure ments in different situations and
therefore shows inner legitimacy when
assessing the pain levels of neonates
show ing a monotonic increase in mea­
sured pain in suggested pain events.
Conclusion
The findings present a reliability and le­
git imacy of the IcePIPP­R scale when
assessing pain at the NICU in Iceland
and confirms the feasibility of the revised
edition and the use of the Ice PIPP­R
scale in clinical practice. The pain assess­
ment tool is a welcomed con tribution to
improve the quality in the management
of pain in premature and sick new­borns
in Iceland.
Key words
premature neonates
sick neonates
pain
pain assessment
AbstractAuthors
Theja Lankathilaka,
RN, BS, MS 1, 2
Sigríður María Atladóttir,
RN, BS, MS 2
Dr. Guðrún Kristjánsdóttir,
professor, RN, BS, MSc,
PhD 1, 2, 3
1 Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery,
University of Iceland.
2 Neonatal Intensive Care Unit,
Children’s Hospital, Landspítali
National University Hospital of
Iceland.
3 Department of Health Science,
Faculty of Medicine, Lund
University.
english summary
PIPP­R Pain Assessment for Premature
Infants and Sick New­Borns, Testing an
Icelandic Translation