Árbók VFÍ/TFÍ - 01.06.2005, Blaðsíða 245

DRÖG A Ð LANDSSKIPULAGI
FYRIR FERSKVATN
Samkvæmt vinnuferli umhverfismats áætlana
Trausti Valsson er arkitekt frá Berlín og skipulagsfræðingur frá Berkeley. Hann starfar sem prófessor við verkfræðideild
Háskóla íslands. Hann er höfundur fjölda greina og bóka.Tvær bókanna, Borg og náttúra og Skipulag byggðar á
íslandi, hafa einnig komið út á ensku.
Birgir Jónsson lauk B.Sc.Hons. prófi í jarðfræði frá Manchesterháskóla 1969 og M.Sc. prófi í jarðverkfræði frá
Durhamháskóla í Norður-Englandi 1971. Hann starfaði hjá Orkustofnun frá 1971-1997, VSÓ Ráðgjöf 1997-1999 og
hefur verið dósent við verkfræðideild Háskóla íslands frá 1999.
Summary
An outline for a Country-Plan for Fresh Water using the SEA Working Process.
In 1994 an EU-directive on Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) was adopted in lceland. As a new step in the develop-
ment of this methodology,another EU-directive will probably be adopted in lceland in 2005-6.This is the socalled Strategic
Environmental Assessment (SEA),Directive 2000/60/EC, which brings the ideology of sustainable development up to large-
scale physical planning and policy making.
The lcelandic freshwater resource is huge (~ 5000 m3/sec), and its value is constantly increasing.Today lceland only utilizes
a small fraction (~5 m3/sec). Because of the ever-increasing value of this resource, it is of utmost importance to ensure its
protection and quality.
Today the protection of this important resource is almost only dealt with on the municipality level.On the state-govern-
ment level there exists the Water-law of 1923 with two later regulations on pollution and freshwater and the "Resource-
law" of 1998, but no protection-plans regarding land-use have been made on a country-scale, except in the Central
Highlands Regional Plan of 1999. A new Water-law and a new "Resource-law" were presented to the lcelandic Parliament
in 2005.
Following Rio in 1992 the lcelandic government published a report; Towards a Sustainable Development (Ministry for the
Environment, 1993).The next step was a program-report; Sustainable Development in lcelandic Society - An Implementation
Program Until the Millennium (Ministry for the Environment, 1997).The latest report on the government strategy in this
field: Welfare for the future. Iceland's National Strategy for Sustainable Development 2002-2020 (Ministry for the Environment,
2002).These reports only postulate goals on water accessibility and quality, but do not deal with how the protection and
utilization of the resource should be instrumented.
Because of these shortcomings, the present article deals with establishing a working-process on freshwater policy and
planning, applying the new EU-directive on SEA. Following that, the article proceeds to present a preliminary idea on a
freshwater-policy, as well as ideas on preparatory and integration processes for sector-plans, as a preparation for a much
needed country-plan.
The article emphasizes that freshwater-planning on a country-plan level, should not be worked on in isolation from other
sector-plans at the country-plan level. A Freshwater-Plan needs to be integrated with other important sector-plans in the
land-use bracket, such as the sector-plans on Nature-Conservation, Energy,Tourism, Agriculture and Roads.
Ritrýndar vísindagreinar
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