Jökull


Jökull - 01.01.2013, Page 111

Jökull - 01.01.2013, Page 111
Seismicity observed under Snæfellsjökull volcano CONCLUSIONS We conducted a seismic campaign to ascertain whether or not the Snæfellsnes is seismically active. We found seismicity that clusters in time and space beneath the Snæfellsjökull volcano and originates from depths of 8 to 15 km. The seismic events show magnitudes from Ml -0.5 to 1.1 and are mainly located underneath the southern and north-eastern flanks. We propose that the seismic activity reflects hybrid vol- canic events and is related to movement of fluids within the ductile part of the crust under Snæfells- jökull volcano. Our results are the first to show seismic activity underneath the Snæfellsjökull volcano. However, a denser seismic network is necessary to draw more specific conclusions about the origin of the seismic- ity. Future investigations should include continuous seismic and GPS measurements along the peninsula. This will allow more robust interpretations of the ge- ology of the Snæfellsnes peninsula, the Snæfellsjökull volcano in particular, and will help to better constrain present day activity and its relationship to Icelandic tectonics. Acknowledgments The authors thank Sighvatur K. Pálsson for his help in the field and logistic support. We also thank Haraldur Sigurdsson for the scientific discussion and reviewer Jon Tarasewicz for detailed suggestions on how to improve the manuscript. Klaus Weber and Gregor Schweppe are thanked for their technical support. ÁGRIP Eldstöðvakerfin á Snæfellsnesi hafa verið útundan hvað varðar vöktun á jarðskjálftum. Fram til ársins 2011 er ekki vitað um neina jarðskjálfta staðsetta und- ir Snæfellsjökli. Sumarið 2011 voru settir upp fimm jarðskjálftamælar á Snæfellsnesi á vegum jarðvísinda- manna frá Bonnháskóla, Þýskalandi. Fjórir mælanna voru staðsettir umhverfis Snæfellsjökul, en sá fimmti við Álftarfjörð, norður af Ljósufjöllum (1. mynd). Mælarnir voru reknir í þrjá mánuði, frá júlí til sept- ember. Alls voru 29 jarðskjálftar staðsettir undir Snæ- fellsjökli á þessu tímabili (2. mynd). Nokkrir atburð- ir sáust til viðbótar, sem ekki var hægt að staðsetja. Virknin var mest í tveimur hrinum, tíu jarðskjálftar mældust frá 19. til 22. ágúst og níu jarðskjálftar á 12 klukkustundum þann 6. september. Staðsetningar gáfu um 10 kílómetra dýpi, þ.e. frá 8 kílómetrum niður á 15 kílómetra (3. mynd). Skjálftarnir voru allir mjög smá- ir, sá stærsti um Ml 1,1 að stærð, en sá minnsti Ml -0,5. Vegna þess hve litlir jarðskjálftarnir voru sást enginn þeirra á mælinum við Álftarfjörð og að sama skapi sáust hugsanlegir skjálftar við Ljósufjöll ekki á mælunum við Snæfellsjökul. Enginn skjálfti var því staðsettur við Ljósufjöll. Af mælunum við Snæfells- jökul var sá við Gufuskála mjög ónæmur og sáust engir jarðskjálftar á þeim mæli vegna bakgrunnshá- vaða. Vegna smæðar sinnar voru sumir skjálftanna að- eins greinanlegir á tveimur mælum. Fyrir þá skjálfta var staðsetningin undir jöklinum valin. Nauðsynlegt er að gera frekari jarðskjálftamælingar á svæðinu og gagnlegt væri að mæla samtímis mögulegar færslur á svæðinu með GPS-mælingum. REFERENCES Allen, R.M., G. Nolet, W.J. Morgan, K. Vogfjörd, M. Net- tles, G. Ekström, B.H. Bergsson, P. Erlendsson, G.R. Foulger, S. Jakobsdóttir, B.R. Julian, M. Pritchard, S. Ragnarsson and R. Stefánsson 2002. Plume-driven plumbing and crustal formation in Iceland. J. Geo- phys. Res. 107, doi:10.1029/2001JB000584. Árnadóttir, T., B. Lund, W. Jiang, H. Geirsson, H. Björns- son, P. Einarsson and T. Sigurdsson 2009. Glacial re- bound and plate spreading: results from the first coun- trywide GPS observations in Iceland. Geophys. J. Int. 177, 691–716. Beyreuther, M., R. Barsch, L. Kirscher, T. Megies, Y. Behr and J. Wassermann 2010. ObsPy: A Python toolbox for Seismology. Seismol. Res. Lett. 81, 530–533. Brandsdóttir, B. and W. H. Menke 2008. The seismic struc- ture of Iceland. Jökull 58, 17–34. Chouet, B.A. 1996. Long-period volcano seismicity: its source and use in eruption forecasting. Nature 380, 309–316. Darbyshire, F.A., R.S. White and K.F. Priestly 2000. Structure of the crust and uppermost mantle of Ice- land from a combined seismic and gravity study. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 181, 409–428. JÖKULL No. 63, 2013 111
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