Læknablaðið - feb. 2020, Síða 31

LÆKNAblaðið 2020/106 83
Y F I R L I T
1. The International Classification of Headache Disorders.
Cephalalgia 2004; 24: 1-160.
2. Calabrese LH, Dodick DW, Schwedt TJ, Singhal AB.
Narrative review: reversible cerebral vasoconstriction
syndromes. Ann Intern Med 2007; 146: 34-44.
3. Stefánsdóttir A, Löve Á, Þráinsdóttir SG, Lúðvígsson P.
Brátt blóðþurrðarslag hjá unglingsstúlku. Sjúkratilfelli.
Læknablaðið 2015; 101: 363-6
4. Ducros A, Boukobza M, Porcher R, Sarov M, Valade D,
Bousser MG. The clinical and radiological spectrum of
reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome. A pro-
spective series of 67 patients. Brain 2007; 130: 3091-101.
5. Edlow BL, Kasner SE, Hurst RW, Weigele JB, Levine JM.
Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome associated
with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurocrit Care 2007; 7:
203-10.
6. Moskowitz SI, Calabrese LH, Weil RJ. Benign angiopathy
of the central nervous system presenting with intracerebr-
al hemorrhage. Surg Neurol 2007; 67: 522-7.
7. Chen SP, Fuh JL, Chang FC, Lirng JF, Shia BC, Wang SJ.
Transcranial color doppler study for reversible cerebral
vasoconstriction syndromes. Ann Neurol 2008; 63: 751-7.
8. Singhal AB, Caviness VS, Begleiter AF, Mark EJ, Rordorf
G, Korohetz WJ. Cerebral vasoconstriction and stroke after
use of serotonergic drugs. Neurology 2002; 58: 130-3.
9. Williams TL, Lukovits TG, Harris BT, Harker Rhodes C. A
fatal case of postpartum cerebral angiopathy with literat-
ure review. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2007; 275: 67-77.
10. Miller TR, Shivashankar R, Mossa-Basha M, Gandhi D.
Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome, Part 1:
Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Clinical Course. AJNR
Am J Neuroradiol 2015; 36: 1392-9.
11. Ducros A, Bousser MG. Reversible cerebral vasoconstrict-
ion syndrome. Pract Neurol 2009; 9: 256-67.
12. Singhal AB, Hajj-Ali RA, Topcuoglu MA, Fok J, Bena
J, Yang D, et al. Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction
syndromes: analysis of 139 cases. Arch Neurol 2011; 68:
1005-12.
13. Mawet J, Boukobza M, Franc J, Saroy M, Arnold M,
Bousser MG, et al. Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction
syndrome and cervical artery dissection in 20 patients.
Neurology 2013; 81: 821-4.
14. de Boysson H, Parienti JJ, Mawet J, Arquizan C, Boulouis
G, Burcin C, et al. Primary angiitis of the CNS and reversi-
ble cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome: A comparative
study. Neurology 2018; 91: 1468-78.
15. Singhal AB. Cerebral vasoconstriction syndromes. Top
Stroke Rehabil 2004; 11: 1-6.
16. Dodick DW, Brown RD, Britton JW, Huston J.
Nonaneurysmal thunderclap headache with diffuse,
multifocal, segmental, and reversible vasospasm.
Cephalalgia 1999; 19: 118-23.
17. Singhal AB, Topcuoglu MA, Fok JW, Kursun O, Noqueira
RG, Frosch MP, et al. Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction
syndromes and primary angiitis of the central nervous
system: clinical, imaging, and angiographic comparison.
Ann Neurol 2016; 79: 882.
18. Sveinsson O, Ólafsson IH, Kjartansson Ó, Valdimarsson
EM. Sjálfsprottin innanskúmsblæðing - yfirlitsgrein.
Læknablaðið 2013; 99: 391-7.
19. Muehlschlegel S, Kursun O, Topcuoglu MA, Fok J, Singhal
AB. Differentiating reversible cerebral vasoconstriction
syndrome with subarachnoid hemorrhage from other
causes of subarachnoid hemorrhage. JAMA Neurol 2013;
70: 1254.
20. Singhal AB, Topcuoglu MA. Glucocorticoid-associated
worsening in reversible cerebral vasoconstriction
syndrome. Neurology 2017; 88: 228.
21. Ducros A. Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome.
Handb Clin Neurol 2014; 121: 1725-41.
22. Chen SP, Fuh JL, Lirng JF, Wang YF, Wang SJ. Recurrence
of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome: a long-
term follow-up study. Neurology 2015; 84: 1552-8.
Heimildir

Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction is characterized by thund-
erclap headache and vasoconstriction of cerebral arteries, with
or without focal neurologic symptoms.
The syndrome is three times more common in women with
a mean age around 45 years. In approximately 60% of cases
a cause can be identified, commonly after intake of vasoact-
ive substances. The pathophysiology of reversible cerebral
vasoconstriction syndrome is unknown, though temporary
dysregulation in cerebral vascular tone is thought to be a key
underlying mechanism. The syndrome typically follows a ben-
ign course; however, complications such as ischemic stroke
or intracranial hemorrhage can cause permanent disability or
death in a small minority of patients. Vascular imaging reveals
alternating cerebral vasoconstriction and vasodilation that
normalizes within 12 weeks. Calcium channel antagonists
such as nimodipine reduce the frequency of thunderclap hea-
daches but do not decidedly affect the risk of cerebral ischemia
or hemorrhage. In this article the epidemiology, risk factors,
pathophysiology, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of RCVS
is reviewed.
Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome
– a common cause of thunderclap headache
ENGLISH SUMMARY
1Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Iceland, 2Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Iceland, 3Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital
of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Key words: reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome, RCVS, cerebral infarction, intracranial hemorrhage, thunderclap headache.
Correspondence: Ólafur Sveinsson, olafursv@landspitali.is
Ólafur Sveinsson1
Áskell Löve2
Vilhjálmur Vilmarsson2
Ingvar Ólafsson3
DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2020.02.374
Greinin barst til blaðsins 24. ágúst, samþykkt til birtingar 7. nóvember 2019.