Læknaneminn - 01.10.1996, Blaðsíða 62

I
Helicobacter pylori - yfirlitsgrein
inant H. pylori ureasa og hefur það reynst veita góða
vörn í músum (92),
Auk þess að koma í veg fyrir H. pylori sýkingar með
bólusetningum hefur verið reynt að uppræta H. pylori
sýkingar í músum með bólusetrtingum. Við þær til-
raunir var ureasa undireining B gefin p.o. og voru nið-
urstöðurnar mjög lofandi (93).
Þessar rannsóknir og fleiri svipaðar gefa góðar vonir
um að í framtíðinni verði hægt að bólusetja gegn H.
pylori og mögulega útrýma þessari sýkingu sem í dag er
ein algengasta króníska bakteríusýkingin sem hrjáir
mannkynið.
NIÐURLAG
Helicob.aeter pylori sýking er ein algengasta króníslca
bakteríusýkingin sem hrjáir mannkynið. Þó tilvist
bakteríunnar hafi ekki verið þekkt nema í 14 ár hafa
þau ár verið viðhurðarrík. Gífulegar framfarir hafa orð-
ið í meðferð ætisára á þessum tíma. Framtíðin á síðan
eftir að leiða í ljós hvort hægt verði að meðhöndla H.
pylori sýkingar á einfaldan hátt, eða jafnvel bólusetja
gegn bakteríunni. Ef hægt væri að útrýma H. pylori
hér á landi má búast við að það myndi ekki einungis
nánast útrýma ætisárum, heldur einnig hugsanlega
fækka tilfellum af magakrabbameini verulega.
HEIMILDIR:
1. Kornberg HL, Davies RE, Wood DR: The activity and function of
gastric urease in the cat. Bioehem J 1954, 56.'363-372
2. Von Korff RW, GUck D: Role.of urease in the gastric mucosa. II. In
vitro studies with isotopic urea on frog mucosa. Am J Physiol 1951,
165:688-694
3. Zbarsky SH, Wright WD: The metabolism of C14- urea in the rat.
Can J Med Sci. 1953,31:151-161
4. Bode G, Malfertheiner P, Lehnhardt G, Nilius M, Ditschuneit H:
UltrastructuraJ localization of urease of Helicobacter pylori. Med
Microbiol Immunol 1993, 182:233-242
5. Hazetl Sl, Evans DJ jr,. Graham DYí Helico.bacter pylori catalase. J
Gen Microbiol 1991, 13,7:57
6. Inamoto Y, Hamanaka S, Hamanaka Y, Nagate T, Kondo I,
Takemoto T, Okita K: Lipid eomposition and fatty acid analysis of
Helicobacter pylori. J Gastroenterol 1995, 30(3);315<-318
7. Megraud F: Microbiological eharacteristi'cs of Campylobaeter
pylori. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1989 1:5-12
8. Blaser MJ: The baeteria behind' ulcers. Scientific American 1996,
February: 92-97
9. Karl G. Kristinsson, Erla Sigvaldadóttir, Bjarni Þjóðleifsson: Al-
gengi mótefna gegn Helicobacter pylori á Islandi. Læknablaðið
1996, 82:366-370.
10. Malaty HM, Kiro JG, Kim SD, Graham DY: Prevalence of Helic-
obacter pylori infection in Korean children: inverse relation to soci-
oeconomic status despite a uniformly high prevalence in adults. Am
J Epidemiol 1996, 143:257-262
11. Neale KR, Logan RP: The epidemiology and transmission of Helic-
obacter pylori infeccion in children. Alim Pharm Ther 1995, 9
Suppl 2:77-84
12. Whitaker CJ, Dubiel AJ, Galpin OP: Social and geographic factors
in Helicobacter pylori infection. Epidemiol Infect 1993, 111:63-70
13. Replogle ML, Glaser Sl, Hiatt RA, Parsonnet J: Biologic sex as a
factor for Helicobacter pylori infecton in healthy young adults. Am
J Epidemiol 1995, l42(8):856-863
14. Shahamat M, Mai U, Paszko-Kolva C, Kessel M, Colwell RR: Use
of autoradiography to assess viability of Helicobacter pylori in wa-
ter, Appl Environ Microbiol 1993, 59:1231-1235
15. Vanzweet AA, Thijs JC, Kooistrasmid AMD, Schirm J, Snijder
JAM: Use ofPCR with feces for detection of Helicobacter pylori in-
fection in patients. J Clin Microbiol 1994, 32:1346-134810.
16. Luman W, Alkout AM, Blackwell CC, Weir DM, Palmer KR:
Helicobacter pylori in the mouth - negative isolation from dental
plaque and saliva. Eur J Gastroenterol & Hepatol 1996, 8:11-14
17. Handt LK, Fox JG, Dewhirst FE, Fraser GJ, Paster BJ, Yan LL,
Rozmiarek H, Rufo R, Stalis IH: Helicobacter pylori isolated from
the domestic cat: public health implication. Infection and imm-
unity 1994, 62:2367-2374
18. Axon; ATR: The transmission of Helicobacter pylori: which theory
fits the facts? Eur J Gastroenterol & Hepatol 1996, 8:1-2
19. Axon: Acute infection with Helicobacter pylori. In Helicobacter
pylori basic mechanisms to clinicai cure. London: Kluwer Academ-
íq 1994:407-412
20. Tytgat GNJ; Endoscopic transmission of Helicobacter pylori. Ali-
ment Pharmacol Ther 1995; 9:105-110
21. Taylor D, Blaser M: The epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori in-
fection. Epidemiol Rev 1991. 13:40-59
22. Wihoite SL, Ferguson D Jr, Soike DR , et al: Increased prevalence
of Helicobacter pylori antibodies among nurses. Arch Intern Med
1993. 153:708-712
23. Luzza F, Maletta M, Imeneo M, Fabiano E, Doldo P, Biancone L,
Pallone F: Evidence against an increased risk of Helicobacter pylori
infection in dentists: a serological and salivary study. Eur J
Gastroenterol Hepatol 1995, 7(8): 773-779
24. Goodwin CS, Blincow ED, Warren JR et al: Evaluation of culture
techinques for isolating Campylobacter pyloridis from endoscopic
biopsies, of gastric mucosa. J Clin Pathol 1985, 38:1127
25. Westblom TU: The comparative value of different diagnostic tests
for helicobacter pylori. In Helicobacter pylori: biology and clinical
practice. Boca Raton, Florida CRCPress; 1993:329-342
26. Schrader JA, Peck HV, Notis WM, Shaw P, Venezia RA: A role for
culture in diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori-related gastric disease.
Am J Gastroenerol 1993, 88:1729-1733
27. Sim JG, Kim EC, Seo JK: The role of serology in the diagnosis of
Helicobacter pylori infection in children. Clin Pediatrics 1995,
34(9):458-462
28. Meyer B, Werth B, Beglinger C, Dill S, Drewe J, Vischer WA,
Eggers RH, Bauer FE, Stadler GA: Helicobacter pylori infection in
healthy people: a dynamic process? Gut 191,3 2,347-350
29. Hussan MO, Gottrand F, Turck D et al: Detection of H. pylori in
saliva using monoclonal antibody. J Med Microbiol Virol Parasitol
1993 279:466
30. Eggers RH, Kulp A, Tegeler R, Liidtke FE, Lepsien G, Meyer B,
Bauer FE: A methodological analysis of the 13C-urea breath test for
the detection Helicobacter pylori infections: high sensitivity and
specificity within 30 min using 75 mg of 13C-urea. Eur J
Gastroenerolo Hepatol 2:437-444, 1990
31. Thijs WJ, Thijs JC, Kleibeyker JH, Elzinga H, Stellaard F: Evalu-
ation of clinical and home performance of the 13C-urea breath test
for the detection of Helicobacter pylori. Eur J Gastroenterol
Hepatol 1995, 7(7):603-607
32. Slomiansky A, Schubert T, Cutler AF: 13C-urea breath test to con-
firm eradication of Helicobacter pylori. AmJ Gastroenterol. 1995,
90(2)224-226
33. Moskowitz M, Konikoff FM, Peled Y, Santo M, Hallak A, Buja-
nover Y, Tiomny E, Gilat T: High Helicobacter pylori numbers are
associated with low eradication rate after triple therapy. Gut 1995,
36(6):845-847
34. Westblom TU, Phadnis S, Yang P, Czinn SJ: Diagnosis of Helic-
obacter pylori infection by means of a polymerase chain reaction
assay for gastric juice aspirates. Clin Infect Dis 1993, 16:367-371
35. Patel P, Khulusi S, Mendall MA, Lloyd R, Jazrawi R, Maxwell JD,
Northfield TC: Prospective screening of dyspeptic patients by
Helicobacter pylori serology. Lancet, 1995, 346(8986): 1315-1318
LÆKNANEMINN
52
2. tbl. 1996, 49. árg.