Læknablaðið - 15.03.2003, Side 33

FRÆÐIGREINAR / FJÖLÓMETTAÐAR FITUSÝRUR OG LÆKNINGAR
góður kostur við meðferð hárrar blóðþéttni þríglýs-
eríða, iktsýki, IgA nýrnameins og eftir hjartadrep.
Notkun í öðrum sjúkdómum þarf frekari rannsókna
við og sérstaklega þarf að kanna nánar misræmi í nið-
urstöðum rannsókna á sumum sjúkdómum, til dæmis
háþrýstingi og endurmyndun þrengsla eftir krans-
æðavíkkanir. Mögulegar orsakir geta legið í mismun-
andi skammtastærðum og mismunandi líkamsbirgð-
um þátttakenda af ómega-3 fjölómettuðum fitusýr-
um, E-vítamíni og snefilefnunum zinki og selen sem
eru nauðsynleg fyrir efnahvörf sem leiða til nýmynd-
unar langra fjölómettaðra fitusýra (42,136). Pá geta
náttúruleg uppspretta fitusýranna og hvaða kolefnis-
frumeind í glýserólsameind þríglýseríða fitusýrurnar
tengjast líka skipt máli varðandi frásog og þéttni
þeirra í vefjum líkamans (169). Einnig er brýnt að
svara spurningum um skammtastærðir en skammtar
hafa verið á bilinu 1 til 10 g í þeim klínísku rannsókn-
um sem hér hefur verið fjallað um (tafla II). Loks er
heldur ekki ljóst hvort EPA og DHA séu jafngildar
eða hafi mismunandi klíníska þýðingu (170-172). Þó
ýmsum spurningum sé þannig ósvarað hlýtur hin lága
tíðni aukaverkana að gera ómega-3 fjölómettaðar
fitusýrur að fýsilegum kosti við meðferð sjúkdóma
þar sem sýnt þykir að þær komi að gagni.
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