Bókasafnið - 01.06.2014, Blaðsíða 21

Bókasafnið 38. árg. 2014
21
9.1 Frekari rannsóknir
Meðal þeirra spurninga sem vakna eru eftirfarandi:
Hver hefur þróunin orðið síðastliðin 13 ár á eftirspurn
eftir mannafla á bóka­ og skjalasöfnum og hvernig dreif­
ist sá mannafli miðað við aldur og kyn á tegundir þjón­
ustueininga og landfræðilega? Hvaða atriði hafa haft
áhrif á breytingar ef einhverjar eru?
Eru breytingar á mönnun bókasafna2 og aukin
áhersla á menningarmiðlun í almenningsbókasöfnum
komnar til vegna breytinga á þörfum þjóðfélagsins við
að afla þekkingar og upplýsinga sem var í æ ríkari mæli
miðlað rafrænt svo ekki þurfti að fara á bókasafn til þess
að nálgast þær? Eða hafði fólk með annars konar há­
skólamenntun en bókasafns­ og upplýsingafræði, sem
ráðið var þegar skortur var á bókasafns­ og upplýsinga­
fræðingum á bókasöfnum aðrar áherslur í starfi sem
skiluðu sér í breyttri þjónustustefnu, eða á hvort tveggja
við?
Jafnframt er áhugavert að kanna hvort notkun rit­
aðrar þekkingar og upplýsinga breytist við að notendur
velja sjálfir hvað þeir nota en ekki bókasafnsfræðingar,
og hvort breytingar ef einhverjar verða dragi úr Matteus­
aráhrifunum svokölluðu?
Abstract:
From librarianship to information science:
The birth of a profession, and its
educational needs at the time of writing
This article is based on two research projects that
form a part of the PhD thesis of the author. The
development of library science, later library and
information science and presently information science
﴾which, at the time of writing, was to be offered on the
MLIS level only﴿ at the University of Iceland is briefly
traced. A comparison is made with developments in this
area abroad, particularly in the United States of
America. Research data and events of importance in
that respect are analyzed according to the Ecological­
evolutionary theory ﴾EET﴿, The theory of the system of
professions and the Medium theory. The article begins
with briefly addressing the effects of the media used for
distributing knowledge and information on the working
culture. This is followed by a short description of the
means of distribution of knowledge and information in
Iceland through the ages and its effects on the working
culture.
The findings of two surveys on the number and
kinds of service units and manpower of libraries and
records management in Iceland are discussed. The
former survey was undertaken in 1989 and the latter
was undertaken in 2001. It also included records
management. The findings of a research project on the
vehicles used for publishing knowledge in Iceland
during the latter half of the 20th century ﴾1944, 1969,
1979, 1989 and 2001﴿ are described. The main focus
was on analysing the proportion of market publications
versus the proportion of grey literature. The proportion
of grey literature increased greatly during this time
period. It is argued here that increased output of grey
literature is linked to changes in the means of
sustenance of the nation; that for their work, the
workforce depended ever more on written knowledge
and information, instead of that kept in memory and
distributed orally. These developments have led to
greatly increased demand for librarians to undertake
organization of items of written knowledge for quick and
easy retrieval, be it publications or archival documents.
The question of how to plan studies in information
science at the University of Iceland at the time of writing
is addressed briefly. It is suggested that emphasis
should be placed on theories and systems of one of the
main work clusters of librarianship, i.e. that of organizing
knowledge and information in such a way that retrieval
is quick and easy; namely cataloguing, classification
and indexing. This should be done in such a way that
students acquire abstract knowledge applicable in a
wide area of specialities in Icelandic society. In addition
emphasis should be placed on co­operation with other
subject fields at the University of Iceland in order to be
able to educate a workforce capable of working in a
wide area of specialities.
1 0 Heimildir
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﴾32﴿, 373­376. Eskifirði: Jón Ólafsson.
Abbott, A. ﴾1988﴿. The system ofprofessions: An essay on the division
ofexpert labor. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Alfa Kristjánsdóttir. ﴾2008﴿. Bókasafnsfræðingar í hreiðri
sagnfræðinga?: Um skjalastjórnun og skjalavörslu. Hugsandi.
Sótt 25. janúar 2008 á
http://hugsandi.is/articles/bokasafnsfraedingar­i­hreidri­
sagnfraedinga­um­skjalastjornun­og­skjalavoerslu/.
Allibone, T. E. ﴾2002﴿. Careers in science information work. Journal of
Information Science, 28﴾1﴿, 83­87.
Alþingistíðindi 1962. ﴾1967﴿. Umræður um samþykkt lagafrumvörp
﴾dálkur 1183﴿. Reykjavík: Prentsmiðjan Leiftur.
Auger, C. P. ﴾1996 ﴾1994﴿﴿. Information sources in grey literature ﴾3.
útgáfa﴿. London: Bowker Saur.
Ásdís Egilsdóttir. ﴾2000﴿. Upphaf bókmenningar. Í Hjalti Hugason
﴾ritstjóri﴿, Frumkristni og upphafkirkju ﴾1. bindi, bls. 357­359﴿.
Reykjavík: Althingi.
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