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Læknablaðið - 15.02.1995, Page 19

Læknablaðið - 15.02.1995, Page 19
LÆKNABLAÐIÐ 1995; 81 135 Cytomegaloveirusýkingar heilbrigðra Elínborg Báröardóttir1), Ásbjörn Sigfússon2), Helga Kristjánsdóttir2), ÞorgerðurÁrnadóttir31, Sigurður B. Þorsteinsson11 Cytomegalovirus infections in healthy adults Bárðardóttir E, Sigfússon Á, Kristjánsdóttir H, Árnadóttir Þ, Þorsteinsson SB Læknablaðið 1995; 81: 135-143 Background: Primary cytomegalovirus (CMV) in- fections in healthy adults are considered extremely rare. To study the extent of this problem in Iceland we undertook a two year (1989 -1990) retrospective study of all new CMV infections in adults. Methods: All positive tests for CMV antibodies in clinical samples (194) were identified in the sole virology laboratory in Iceland. Patients younger than 16 years and all patients with underlying dis- eases that could cause immunosuppression were ex- cluded (154). The 40 remaining patients were con- tacted, their case histories reviewed and their serol- ogy for CMV, Epstein-Barr and HIV antibodies remeasured. Primary CMV infection was not con- firmed in 14 patients leaving 26 immune competent patients who fullfilled our criteria for primary sym- tomatic CMV infection by the presence of IgM anti- CMV antibodies. Results: Duration of illness in the 26 study patients varied from 1 to 25 weeks, usually 7-10 weeks. Fif- teen patients were hospitalized. Diagnostic delay was considerable. Immunological tests (DTH skin test, serum immunoglobulines and lymphocyte dif- ferential counts) done 1/2-2 years after the illness did nor reveal any persistent immune abnormalities except for an absolute increase in the number of CD8+ T lymphocytes. Frá lyflækningadeild Landspítalans'1, Rannsóknastofu Há- skólans í ónæmisfræöi21, Rannsóknastofu Háskólans í veirufræði31. Fyrirspurnir, bréfaskriftir: Siguröur B. Þor- steinsson, lyflækningadeild Landspítalans, 101 Reykjavík. Lykilorð: Cytomegaloveira, CMV-sýkingar, CMV-mótefni. Conclusions: We conclude that primary CMV in- fections in adults are not uncommon and probably underdiagnosed. When adult patients present with non-specific symptoms such as low grade fever, ma- laise and unexplained fatigue, CMV should be con- sidered or excluded with appropriate serological tests. Ágrip Megintilgangur þessarar rannsóknar var að athuga veikindi vegna cytomegaloveirusýkinga hjá heilbrigðum, fullorðnum einstaklingum. Farið var yfir öll veirurannsóknarsvör tveggja ára og leitað að einstaklingum með teikn um nýlega cytomegaloveirusýkingu. Upplýsingum um einkenni, skoðun og rannsóknarniðurstöð- ur var safnað úr sjúkraskrám og auk þess voru allir sjúklingarnir rannsakaðir á göngudeild hálfu til tveimur árum eftir veikindi. Á þeim tveimur árum sem athuguð voru fundust 26 annars hraustir, fullorðnir einstaklingar sem veikst höfðu af völdum cytomegaloveiru. Oft- ast höfðu sjúklingar verið veikir í meira en tvær vikur áður en leitað var að mótefnum gegn cytomegaloveiru og lengst dróst greining í 12 vikur. Flestir höfðu væg almenn sýkingarein- kenni en nokkrir urðu alvarlega veikir. Fimm- tán sjúklingar lögðust inn á sjúkrahús og tveir voru lengi á spítala, annar í 19 daga og hinn í tvo mánuði. Athyglisvert er að flestir voru lengi að ná sér að fullu eftir veikindin, flestir voru frá vinnu í meira en mánuð og einn ein- staklingur var óvinnufær í hálft ár. Rannsóknir hálfu til tveimur árum eftir veikindi bentu ekki til neinnar ónæmisbilunar eða annarra veik- inda sem gætu hafa átt þátt í cytomegaloveiru- sýkingu.
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