Jökull

Ataaseq assigiiaat ilaat

Jökull - 01.12.1985, Qupperneq 103

Jökull - 01.12.1985, Qupperneq 103
skala. Slíkir skjálftar, 4.5-6 stig, eru reyndar ekki óalgengir í Jan Mayen þverbrotabeltinu, sem er þarna strax norðan við eyna. Þeir eru af hreinum tektónískum uppruna og hafa brotlausnir, sem sýna „strike-slip“ misgengi (sniðgengi) með stefnu 10—30° norðan við vestur (Bungum og Husebye, 1977). Stefna gossprungunnar, sem opnaðist nú og sumra hinna eldri er þarna finnast, er nokkurn veginn mitt á milli stefnu Jan Mayen þverbrotabeltisins og Jan Mayen eldvirknistefnunnar. Jarðskjálftarnir, sem fylgdu gosinu, minna meir á tektóníska skjálfta en gosskjálfta. Því má ætla að skjálftarnir séu vegna „strike-slip“ spennulosunar í suðurjaðri þverbrotabeltisins, en opni leið til yfirborðs fyrir kviku, sem er til staðar ofarlega og yst í kvikukerfinu. Ef svo er, er hér um að ræða gos í leku þverbrotabelti (leaky fracture zone eruption) frem- ur en gos úr hinu eiginlega kvikukerfi Jan Mayen. Sú væga tilhneiging til breyttrar goshegðunar og bergsam- setningar, miðað við Jan Mayen í heild, sem einkennir NA-horn Jan Mayen, gæti stutt þessa túlkun og jafnframt bent til þess að þverbrotabeltið sem slíkt hafi einhver áhrif á efnasamsetningu kvikunnar, sem þar verður til og þróast. þakkir Norrænu eldfjallastöðinni er þakkað fyrir flugferðina norður og aðra aðstöðu. Starfsfélögum á stofnuninni eru þakkaðar gagnlegar umræður og aðstoð, einkum Guð- mundi E. Sigvaldasyni og Guðrúnu Larsen, sem lásu yfir handrit. Páli Einarssyni, Ragnari Stefánssyni og Barða Þorkelssyni eru þakkaðar upplýsingar um jarð- skjálftana, Ragnari Axelssyni Ijósmyndara eru þökkuð not af myndasafni úr flugferðinni og Atla Rúnari Hall- dórssyni fréttamanni hjálp við að rekja fréttir af atburð- unum og kanna heimildagildi þeirra. HEIMILDIR Adresseavisen mánudaginn 7. jan. og þriðjudaginn 8. jan. 1985. Aftenposten þriðjudaginn 8. jan. 1985. Arbeiderbladet mánudaginn 7. jan. og þriðjudaginn 8. jan. 1985. Bungum, H. og E.S. Husebye, 1977: Seismicity of the Norwegian Sea: The Jan Mayen Fracture Zone. Tectonoph. 40: 351-360. Hawkins, T.R.W. og B. Roberts, 1963: Agglutinate in North Jan Mayen. Geol. Mag. 100: 156—163. Imsland, P., 1978: The geology of the volcanic island Jan Mayen, Arctic Ocean. Nordic Volcanol. Inst., Res. Rep. 7813: 74 pp. Imsland, P., 1984: The petrology, mineralogy and evo- lution of the Jan Mayen magma system. Vísindafél. íslendinga, Rit 43: 332 bls. Norsk Polarinstitutt, 1959: Topographic map of Jan Mayen, Blad 2 Nord-Jan. 1:50.000. Roberts, B. og T.R.W. Hawkins, 1965: The geology of the area around Nordkapp, Jan Mayen. Norsk Polarinst. Árbok 1963: 24-47. Siggerud, T., 1972: The volcanic eruption on Jan Mayen 1970. Norsk Polarinst. Árbok 1970: 5-18. THE VOLCANIC ERUPTION ON JAN MAYEN IN JANUARY 1985 Páll Imsland University of lceland 101 Reykjavík, Iceland ABSTRACT A volcanic eruption started on Jan Mayen on the 6th of January 1985. The eruption occurred on a 1 km long fissure trending around 15° south of W at the extreme NE-corner of the island, on the lower flanks of Beeren- berg. It extended from sea-level and up to more than 200 m height. The eruption was short, lasting only around 35 —40 hours. It delivered an estimated amount of 7 million m3 of magma to the surface. This did apparently mostly form a thin lava which covers 1 km2 ofwhich 0.24 km2 advanced into the sea to form new land. When observed from the air on the 7th ofjanuary, the eruption was just fading out. The remaining activity was slight spattering in two craters, a steady brown eruption col- umn, but no flowing lava. Though short, this eruption was intense while it lasted. The extrusion rate was on the average 49—56 m3/sec on the 1 km longfissure which was most productive in the upper half of its length. Considerable seismic activity accompanied the erup- tion. Among the earthquakes were several apparently reaching between 4.5 and 5 on the Richter scale, which is unusually strong for volcanic earthquakes. Immediately north ofthe eruption site is theJan Mayen Fracture Zone striking around 25° north of W. The general trend of the volcanic features on the island itselfis SW-NE. The trend of the new fissure is thus midway between the general trend of the island volcanism and that of the fracture zone. This and the strong earthquakes might indicate that the eruption could be a leaky fracture zone eruption rather than an eruption from the Jan Mayen magma system proper, initiated by strike-slip stress release associated with the strong earthquakes at the junction of the fracture zone and the volcanic island magma system. JÖKULL 35. ÁR 101
Qupperneq 1
Qupperneq 2
Qupperneq 3
Qupperneq 4
Qupperneq 5
Qupperneq 6
Qupperneq 7
Qupperneq 8
Qupperneq 9
Qupperneq 10
Qupperneq 11
Qupperneq 12
Qupperneq 13
Qupperneq 14
Qupperneq 15
Qupperneq 16
Qupperneq 17
Qupperneq 18
Qupperneq 19
Qupperneq 20
Qupperneq 21
Qupperneq 22
Qupperneq 23
Qupperneq 24
Qupperneq 25
Qupperneq 26
Qupperneq 27
Qupperneq 28
Qupperneq 29
Qupperneq 30
Qupperneq 31
Qupperneq 32
Qupperneq 33
Qupperneq 34
Qupperneq 35
Qupperneq 36
Qupperneq 37
Qupperneq 38
Qupperneq 39
Qupperneq 40
Qupperneq 41
Qupperneq 42
Qupperneq 43
Qupperneq 44
Qupperneq 45
Qupperneq 46
Qupperneq 47
Qupperneq 48
Qupperneq 49
Qupperneq 50
Qupperneq 51
Qupperneq 52
Qupperneq 53
Qupperneq 54
Qupperneq 55
Qupperneq 56
Qupperneq 57
Qupperneq 58
Qupperneq 59
Qupperneq 60
Qupperneq 61
Qupperneq 62
Qupperneq 63
Qupperneq 64
Qupperneq 65
Qupperneq 66
Qupperneq 67
Qupperneq 68
Qupperneq 69
Qupperneq 70
Qupperneq 71
Qupperneq 72
Qupperneq 73
Qupperneq 74
Qupperneq 75
Qupperneq 76
Qupperneq 77
Qupperneq 78
Qupperneq 79
Qupperneq 80
Qupperneq 81
Qupperneq 82
Qupperneq 83
Qupperneq 84
Qupperneq 85
Qupperneq 86
Qupperneq 87
Qupperneq 88
Qupperneq 89
Qupperneq 90
Qupperneq 91
Qupperneq 92
Qupperneq 93
Qupperneq 94
Qupperneq 95
Qupperneq 96
Qupperneq 97
Qupperneq 98
Qupperneq 99
Qupperneq 100
Qupperneq 101
Qupperneq 102
Qupperneq 103
Qupperneq 104
Qupperneq 105
Qupperneq 106
Qupperneq 107
Qupperneq 108
Qupperneq 109
Qupperneq 110
Qupperneq 111
Qupperneq 112
Qupperneq 113
Qupperneq 114
Qupperneq 115
Qupperneq 116
Qupperneq 117
Qupperneq 118
Qupperneq 119
Qupperneq 120
Qupperneq 121
Qupperneq 122
Qupperneq 123
Qupperneq 124
Qupperneq 125
Qupperneq 126
Qupperneq 127
Qupperneq 128
Qupperneq 129
Qupperneq 130
Qupperneq 131
Qupperneq 132
Qupperneq 133
Qupperneq 134
Qupperneq 135
Qupperneq 136
Qupperneq 137
Qupperneq 138
Qupperneq 139
Qupperneq 140
Qupperneq 141
Qupperneq 142
Qupperneq 143
Qupperneq 144
Qupperneq 145
Qupperneq 146
Qupperneq 147
Qupperneq 148
Qupperneq 149
Qupperneq 150
Qupperneq 151
Qupperneq 152
Qupperneq 153
Qupperneq 154
Qupperneq 155
Qupperneq 156
Qupperneq 157
Qupperneq 158
Qupperneq 159
Qupperneq 160
Qupperneq 161
Qupperneq 162
Qupperneq 163
Qupperneq 164

x

Jökull

Direct Links

Hvis du vil linke til denne avis/magasin, skal du bruge disse links:

Link til denne avis/magasin: Jökull
https://timarit.is/publication/1155

Link til dette eksemplar:

Link til denne side:

Link til denne artikel:

Venligst ikke link direkte til billeder eller PDfs på Timarit.is, da sådanne webadresser kan ændres uden advarsel. Brug venligst de angivne webadresser for at linke til sitet.