Ritröð Guðfræðistofnunar - 01.09.2011, Page 93

Ritröð Guðfræðistofnunar - 01.09.2011, Page 93
As different gender models seem to be at work, the places for women and men are ambiguous in the texts available. In his texts, Paul is veering between different discourses, between different ways of structuring gender in the space of ekldesia, and between different ways of using the terms ,woman‘ and ,man‘ more in general.51 Þessi niðurstaða 0kland hnekkir því viðtekna viðhorfi að afstaðan til kynjanna hafi verið meir og minna njörvuð niður eftir fornum fyrirmyndum eins og til að mynda þeir Crossan og Reed halda fram. Og þegar farið er að hrikta í stoðunum má búast við enn róttækari mynd af Páli postula. Frá því að vera lýst sem fulltrúa hefðarinnar dregur Okland upp mynd af ákveðinni tvíræðni í þessum efnum. Davina C. Lopez tekur þessa tvíræðni lengra og gefur til kynna að enginn í samtíð Páls hefði getað farið út á slíka braut nema vera sjálfur tvíræður um eigin kynverund. Lopez telur að í bréfum sínum, ekki síst Galatabréfinu, taki Páll stöðu með hinum undirokuðu. Páll finnur sjálfan sig í hópi þeirra einstaklinga og þjóða sem rómverska heimsveldið er sífellt að kúga og leggja undir sín yfirráð.52 Það er óhætt að segja að þar með hefir persónu Páls verið gert ótrúlega margt upp: frá því að vera fulltrúi feðraveldisins til hinnar hýru veraldar þar sem hefðinni er storkað á afgerandi hátt. English Summary This article traces the city of Ephesus in the New Testament. The city development is viewed against the ancient evolution of villages and cities and what constitutes criteria for planning a city. The main section of the article concentrates on the appearance of Paul the Apostle in Ephesus close to the middle of the first Christian century. His coming and staying in Ephesus is considered from the perspective of space. First the mere geographical and demographic surroundings are taken under consideration from this view. Furthermore, the persona of Paul himself is put in place in this regard. How can Paul be analyzed from the perspective of gender and gender roles? Various theories are investigated in this regard revealing if only how differently Paul has been characterized in this context. Was he a traditionalist in the sense that he would have advocated patriarchal opinions or was he a rebel challenging the social ethos by being or entering a queer role? 51 0kland, sama rit, s. 245-246. 52 Davina C. Lopez, Apostle to the Conquered: Reimaging Paul's Mission 2008. 91 L
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