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Læknablaðið - 15.10.1998, Page 24

Læknablaðið - 15.10.1998, Page 24
736 LÆKNABLAÐIÐ 1998; 84 Meinvörp í heilahimnum Sjúkratilfelli Magnús Haraldsson”, Elías Ólafsson2’ Haraldsson M, Ólafsson E Meningeal carcinomatosis. A case report Læknablaðið 1998; 84: 736-40 We describe a 69 year old man presenting with acute confusional state as the first symptom of meningeal carcinomatosis complicating adenocarcinoma of the lung. For three weeks preceding the admission the patient was intermittently and increasingly confused and short term memory was clearly impaired but normal in-between. The patient stopped working one week prior to admission because of the mental changes. He also had two months history of increas- ing neck pain. He was otherwise well except for his- tory of mild hypertension. General physical exami- nation and neurological examination were essen- tially unremarkable except for somewhat distant affect and he was fully oriented and without aphasia. Thc patient was somewhat uncooperative and left the emergency room against medical advice after a spi- nal tap had been done. The cerebrospinal fluid was markedly abnormal showing slight increase in mono- nucleated white cells (22/MI), markedly elevated protein (3.4 g/1 (0.2-0.4)) and decreased glucose con- centration (0.8 mmol/1 (2.5-4.0)). The patient was immediately readmitted to the hospital and the diffe- rential diagnosis of fungal, tuberculous or neoplastic meningitis was considered based on the cerebrospi- nal fluid (CSF) findings. Chest X-ray demonstrated a lesion in the right upper lobe and repeated CSF exa- mination showed neoplastic cells forming gland like structures. Lung biopsy demonstrated adenocarci- noma. The clinical condition of the patient worsened rapidly and he died five days after admission. Frá "lyflækningadeild og "taugalækningadeild Landspítal- ans. Fyrirspurnir, bréfaskipti: Elías Ólafsson, taugalækn- ingadeild Landspítalans. Sími: 560 1660. Bréfsími: 560 1665. Lykilorð: bráöaruglsástand, heila- og mænuvökvi, krabba- meinsmengisbólga, langvinn mengisbólga, lungnakrabba- mein. We describe an unusual cause of rapidly progressive mental status change. The CSF formula described is important to recognize because it is typical for chro- nic meningeal affection, seen in fungal, neoplastic and tuberculous meningitis. Key words: acute confusional state, cerebrospinai fluid, meningeal carcinomatosis, chronic meningitis, lung cancer. Ágrip Lýst er 69 ára gömlum karlmanni með nokk- urra vikna sögu um verki í hnakka og vaxandi ruglástand. Við skoðun var sjúklingur nokkuð fjarrænn með minnistruflanir en annars vel átt- aður. I mænuvökva sjúklingsins fundust 22 hvít blóðkorn, prótínmagn var verulega hækk- að og glúkósi lækkaður. A lungnamynd sást íferð í efri hluta hægra lunga. Við endurtekna mænuvökvarannsókn fundust illkynja kirtil- myndandi frumur. Við berkjuspeglun sást æxli í hægra lunga og vefjarannsókn sýndi að um var að ræða kirtilkrabbamein (adenocarcin- oma). Astand sjúklingsins versnaði hratt og hann lést fimm dögum eftir innlögn. Sjúkrasaga Sextíu og níu ára gamall karlmaður var lagð- ur inn á lyflækningadeild Landspítalans vegna vaxandi verkja í hnakka, slappleika og vaxandi ininnistruflana. Tveimur mánuðum fyrir innlögn fór sjúk- lingur að finna fyrir óþægindum í hnakka sem leiddu niður eftir baki ásamt vaxandi þreytu og ósjálfráðum kippum í útlimum. Þremur vikum fyrir innlögn leitaði hann til læknis vegna verkja í hnakka. Hann var þá vel áttaður, skoð- un var eðlileg og röntgenmynd af hálsliðum sýndi verulegar slitbreytingar. Rúmri viku fyrir innlögn sendi heimilislæknir sjúkling á bráða- vakt sjúkrahúss vegna slæmra verkja í hnakka. Ékki fannst neitt athugavert við skoðun og
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