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Læknablaðið - 15.10.1998, Qupperneq 37

Læknablaðið - 15.10.1998, Qupperneq 37
LÆKNABLAÐIÐ 1998; 84 747 tiltekin þroskaatriði, meðal annars málþroska. Þekking foreldra á þroska og þroskafrávikum er líkleg til að ýta undir að þeir leiti sér sér- fræðilegrar aðstoðar (22,23). Vel uppbyggt og skilvirkt heilbrigðiskerfi ásamt vel menntuðu fagfólki á öðrum vettvangi eru einnig mikil- vægar forsendur fyrir því að þroskafrávik og hvers konar afbrigði í taugaþroska uppgötvist. Að þróa markvissar spurningar til að laða fram áhyggjur foreldra af þroska barna sinna við reglubundið eftirlit, getur sparað bæði tíma og peninga og orðið til þess að viðeigandi með- ferð hefjist fyrr en ella. Ahyggjur foreldra af málþroska hafa reynst næmur mælikvarði á raunveruleg þroskavandamál. Það er því full þörf á að rannsaka betur hvernig áhyggjur for- eldra af málþroska birtast og hvernig þær tengjast tali og máli eða öðrum þroska. Slíkar upplýsingar geta verið leiðbeinandi um hvernig á að standa að fræðslu til foreldra og eru líkleg- ar til þess að skerpa reglubundið eftirlit með þroska. Þakkir Foreldrum sem svöruðu matslistanum eru færðar þakkir sem og forstöðumanni, fram- kvæmdastjóra og talmeinafræðingum Grein- ingar- og ráðgjafarstöðvar ríkisins sem ásamt Sigríði Magnúsdóttur tóku þátt í að meta at- hugasemdir foreldra. Steingerði Sigurbjörns- dóttur er þakkað fyrir góðar ábendingar. HEIMILDIR 1. Glascoe FP. Developmental screening. In: Wolraich ML. ed. Disorders of Development and Leaming. A practica! Guide to Assessment and Management. New York: Mosby 1996: 89-128. 2. Glascoe FP. Parents’ concems about children’s develop- ment: prescreening technique or screening test? Pediatrics 1997; 99: 522-8. 3. Rapin I, Allen DA, Dunn MA. Developmental language disorders. In: Segalowitz SJ. Rapin I, eds. Child Neuropsy- chology. Amsterdam: Elsevier 1992: 111-38. (Boller F, Grafman, eds. Handbook of Neuropsychology; vol. 7). 4. Whitehurst GJ, Fischel JE. Practitioner review: early deve- lopmental language delay: what, if anything, should the cli- nician do about it? J Child Psychol Psychiatry Allied Discipl 1994; 35: 613-48. 5. Tallal P, Miller SL, Bedi G, Byma G, Wang X, Nagarajan SS, et al. Language comprehension in language-leaming impaired children improved with acoustically modified speech. Science 1996; 271: 81-4. 6. Warrick N, Rubin H, Rowe-Walsh S. Phoneme awareness in language-delayed children: comparative studies and intervention. Ann Dyslexia 1993; 43: 153-73. 7. Cantwell DP, Baker L. Clinical significance of childhood communication disorders: perspectives from a longitudinal study. J Child Neurol 1987; 2: 257-64. 8. Rutter M, Mawhood L. The long-term psychosocial se- quelae of specific developmental disorders of speech and language. In: Rutter M, Casaer P, eds. Biological Risk Fac- tors for Psychosocial Disorders. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1991: 233-59. 9. Glascoe FP. Can clinical judgement detect children with speech-language problems? Pediatrics 1991; 87: 317-22. 10. Siegel B, Pliner C, Eschiler J, Elliot GR. How children with autism are diagnosed: difficulties in identification of chil- dren with multiple developmental delays. JDBP 1988; 9: 199-204. 11. Hannesdóttir H. Icelandic child health study: summary of initial findings. Arctic Med Res 1994; 53: 456-9. 12. Hannesdóttir H. The Icelandic child mental health study. Arctic Med Res 1995; 54: 86-92. 13. Hannesdóttir H. Einarsdóttir S. The lcelandic child mental health study. An epidemiological study of Icelandic chil- dren 2-18 years of age using the Child Behavior Checklist as a screening instrument. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1995; 4: 237-48. 14. Achenbach TM, Brown JS. Bibliography of published stu- dies using the Child Behavior Checklist and related mate- rials: 1991 edition. Burlington, VT: University of Vermont Department ofPsychiatry 1991. 15. Achenbach TM, Edelbrock C. Behavioral problems and competencies reported by parents of normal an disturbed children aged four to sixteen. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development. Chicago: The Univer- sity of Chicago Press 1981. 16. Bishop DVM, Edmundson A. Language-impaired 4-year olds: distinguishing transient from persistent impairment. J Speech HearDisord 1987; 52: 156-73. 17. Shrout PE, Fleiss JL. Intraclass correlations: uses in asses- sing rater reliability. Psychol Bull 1979; 86: 420-8. 18. Lilienfeld DE, Stolley PD. Foundations of Epidemiology. New York: Oxford University Press 1994: 123-5. 19. Guðmundsson E, Grétarsson SJ. Áreiðanleiki og réttmæti mats mæðra á þroska barna sinna: Böm á aldrinum 3-6 ára. Sálfræðiritið - Tímarit Sálfræðingafélags Islands 1991; 2: 57-75. 20. Guðmundsson E, Grétarsson SJ. Áreiðanleiki og réttmæti þroskamats mæðra: Böm á aldrinum 6 mánaða til 41 mán- aðar. Sálfræðiritið - Tímarit Sálfræðingafélags íslands 1992;3:31-8. 21. Gudmundson E, Gretarsson SJ. Adults’ estimates of pre- school children’s verbal and motor abilities compared with those children’s scores on an individual test. Early Dev Par 1994; 3: 74.1-74.10. 22. Glascoe FP, Williams EM. How parents appraise their child’s development. Fam Relat 1990; 39: 280-3. 23. Short AB, Schopler E. Factors relating to age of onset in autism. J Autism Dev Disord 1988; 18: 207-16.
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