Saga


Saga - 2020, Side 121

Saga - 2020, Side 121
urnar að draga kærurnar til baka. Þar gæti hafa ráðið að einhverju leyti ótti kvennanna um viðbrögð eiginmannanna og þær ekki séð neinn tilgang í því að viðhalda kæruferli gagnvart maka, fyrirvinnu heimilisins. Eins og fram hefur komið tóku mál kvennanna ólíka stefnu en viðleitni þeirra og frumkvæði að kæra háttsemi eigin- manna sinna er vitnisburður um að þær hafi ekki talið sig eiga að búa við eða sætta sig við ofbeldi í hjónabandi. Afstaða þessara kvenna og dómaranna í málum þeirra er til vitnis um að heimilis - ofbeldi hafi ekki verið liðið í íslensku samfélagi á tímabilinu. Abstract brynja björnsdóttir My RIGHT AGAINST SUCH AN UNCHRISTIAN HUSBAND. MARITAL VIO- LENCE AND WOMEN’S LEGAL RIGHTS 1800‒1940 Historically speaking, the existence of domestic violence in Icelandic homes has only recently been brought into the public discourse. The hidden violence found in the home was one of the major calls to arms for the women’s rights movements of the 1990s. They encouraged the public and the government to consider do - mestic violence, which is mostly directed against women, a societal problem rather than a private matter. In 2016, almost three decades later, an additional pro- vision was added to the 1940 General Penal Code to specifically address violence within intimate relationships and provide additional protection to victims of domestic violence. As this article makes clear, this provision was not entirely new but rather a return to an equivalent clause found in the 1869 General Penal Code and its predecessor; the Danish-Norwegian laws written at the end of the seven- teenth century during the reign of Christian V of Denmark. When the Danish laws came into force, medieval laws that stipulated a husband’s right to chastise his wife were repealed and new provisions introduced which secured the rights of both parties to charge their spouse for a violent act. The existence of the afore- mentioned legal provisions on domestic violence reflect the legislative view that such acts should not be tolerated and be punishable by law. Icelandic medieval law book Jónsbók contain no provisions that stipulate a husband’s right to chastise his wife. Such provisions are also not included in a 1746 domestic disci- pline decree which states that the master and mistress of the house have the right to inflict corporal punishment upon their children and servants. Temporary uncertainty regarding active laws and the general penal code’s vague phrasing of what constituted a husband’s unchristian or tyrannical treatment or abuse of his wife did not stop wives from bringing their husbands to court for domestic abuse. Regardless of the seriousness of the violence that the women were subjected to by minn réttur … 119
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