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Volume

Læknablaðið - 15.04.1996, Page 30

Læknablaðið - 15.04.1996, Page 30
286 LÆKNABLAÐIÐ 1996; 82 Aðgerðir vegna ofstarfsemi kalkkirtla Elín Laxdal1’, Helgi J. ísaksson2*, Guðjón Lárusson3’, Sigurgeir Kjartansson1’ Laxdal E, ísaksson HJ, Lárusson G, Kjartansson S Parathyroid surgery in Landakotsspítali 1973-1994 Læknablaðið 1996; 82: 286-92 The results of 44 operations on 42 patients (nine men and 33 women) for primary hyperparathyroi- dism in Landakotsspítali, Reykjavík during the peri- od 1973-1994 were studied. Only one patient needed reoperation because of persistent hypercalcemia. The operative success rate is 97.7%. One patient had two recurrent single adenomas with an interval of three years during which the patient was normo- calcemic. Two patients were diagnosed having mul- tiple endocrine neoplasia type I (MEN) before the operation. One of those had a brother with para- thyroid carcinoma. Hyperparathyroidism was histologically verified in all 42 patients. Thirtyseven (88%) had adenoma, and four (9.5%) had chief cell hyperplasia. Double adenomas were diagnosed in four patients (9.5%). In two patients functioning oxyphil cell adenomas were encountered. One case (2.4%) could not be histologically subtyped. This patient had a brother who died of parathyroid carcinoma. One patient with type IMÉN syndrome had adenoma, the other had chief cell hyperplasia. No parathyroid carcino- ma was diagnosed. Thirtyone patients needed medical treatment for transient postoperative hypocalcemia. Permanent hypocalcemia was found in three patients. Vocal cord paralysis was recorded in one case. No other complication was found. Two patients had elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH), both nine years after the operation. One of those is normocalcemic and without symptoms, the other hypocalcemic for un- explainable reasons. Frá '’skurðdeild Landakotsspítala, 2)Rannsóknastofu Há- skóla íslands í meinafræði, 3,lyflækningadeild Landakots- spítala. Fyrirspurnir, bréfaskipti: Elín Laxdal handlækninga- deild Landspítalans, 101 Reykjavík. Ágrip Tilgangur rannsóknarinnar var að kanna ár- angur skurðaðgerða vegna ofstarfsemi kalk- kirtla sem framkvæmdar voru á Landakotsspít- ala á tímabilinu 1973-1994. Kannaðar voru sjúkraskrár 42 sjúklinga. Miðaldur var 66,4 ár og kynjahlutfall einn karl fyrir 3,3 konur. Hjá tveimur sjúklingum hafði greinst fjölinnkirtla- æxli af tegund I (multiple endocrine neoplasia = MEN) fyrir aðgerð. Þau einkenni sem oftast leiddu til greiningar voru slappleiki (31%) og nýrnasteinar (19%). Hjá 19% sjúklinga greindist sjúkdómurinn fyrir tilviljun. Algengustu einkennin voru slappleiki og þreyta (50%), hægðatregða (40%), maga- bólgur eða maga-/skeifugarnarsár (38%) og nýrnasteinar (33%). í sjúkrasögu komu geð- ræn einkenni fram hjá 31%. Einkennalausir sjúklingar voru 4,8%. Vefjagreining samrýmdist frumofstarfsemi í kalkkirtlum hjá ölluni sjúklingum. Góðkynja kirtilæxli (adenoma) fannst hjá 88%, þar af í tveimur kirtlum hjá fjórum sjúklingum eða 9,5%. Vefjaauki greindist hjá 9,5%. Vefja- greining var óákveðin hjá einum sjúklingi. Enginn sjúklinganna reyndist vera með krabbamein. Hjá 97,7% sjúklinga fundust kirtilæxli eða vefjaauki við fyrstu aðgerð. Tíðni varanlegra fylgikvilla var há. Tímabundinnar lækkunar á sermiskalki sem þarfnaðist meðferðar eftir að- gerð gætti hjá 31 (73%) sjúklingi. Hjá þremur sjúklingum (7%) (öryggismörk 1,50-19,48) varð varanlegur kalkskortur sem krefst ævi- langrar meðferðar með kalki og d-vítamíni. Tveir af fjórum sjúklingum er greindust með vefjaauka reyndust vera með hækkun á kalk- vaka í sermi, báðir níu árum eftir aðgerð, ann-
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