Jökull


Jökull - 01.01.2014, Page 63

Jökull - 01.01.2014, Page 63
Earthquake Sequence 1973–1996 in Bárðarbunga volcano 3 4 5 6 3 4 5 6 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 ? NE of Grímsvötn Grímsvötn N of Grímsvötn Grímsvötn ? Grímsvötn magnitude 3 4 5 6 3 4 5 6 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 ? Grímsvötn Askja magnitude 3 4 5 6 3 4 5 6 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 Grímsvötn magnitude Bb Bb Bb Bb Bb Bb Bb BbBb Gv Bb BbBb Bb Bb Bb Bb Bb Lh Gv Bb Bb Bb 3 4 5 6 3 4 5 6 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 Gjálp magnitude Bb Bb Bb Bb Bb Bb Bb Bb Bb Lh Bb Bb Figure 2. Magnitude time graph of earthquakes (ML ≥ 4.0) in the Vatnajökull region (∼64.0-65.0◦N, 15.0-18.5◦W) dur- ing the period 1928 to 1996. Magnitudes are mostly local magnitudes. The earthquake time history is not complete for earthquakes of magnitude ≤4.4 for this region, prior to 1954, and locations are generally uncertain before 1974. Loca- tions of the earthquakes are indicated relative to the nearest volcanic system, Bárðarbunga (Bb), Grímsvötn (Gv), and Loki Ridge (Lh). Red bars indicate eruptions in Askja, Grímsvötn, location north of Grímsvötn and Gjálp. Disputed eruptions (1933, 1945 and 1954) are indicated with question mark and the blue bar denotes proposed eruption in Grímsvötn on March 18-19th, 1945. Short bars represent small (≤0.1 km3) eruptions, or eruptions with unknown volume. Long bars represent eruptions with volume >0.1 km3. Volume estimates from Einarsson (1962) and Guðmundsson (2005). Earthquake data from Tryggvason (1978a,1978b,1979), Ottósson (1989), Björnsson and Einarsson (1990), and ISC (2012). – Tímaruna jarðskjálfta (ML ≥4,0) innan Vatnajökulssvæðisins (∼64.0–65.0◦N, 15.0–18.5◦V) frá 1928 til 1996. Jarðskjálftasagan er ekki tæmandi fyrir 1954, að því er varðar jarðskjálfta≤4,4 að stærð, og jarðskjálftastaðsetning er óviss fyrir 1973. Flestar stærðir jarðskjálftanna eru staðbundnar (ML). Staðsetning skjálfta er táknuð með heiti eldstöðvakerfis, sem næst er skjálft- anum, Bárðarbunga (Bb), Grímsvötn (Gv), og Lokahryggur (Lh). Rauðar línur tákna eldsumbrot í Öskju, Grímsvötnum, Gjálp og undir jökli norðan Grímsvatna. Óstaðfest eldsumbrot (1933, 1945 og 1954) eru táknuð með stuttum rauðum línum og spurningarmerki, og blá lína er ný tilgáta um eldgos í Grímsvötnum dagana 18.-19. mars, 1945. Stuttar rauðar línur án spurningarmerkis tákna eldgos með litlu gosefni (≤0.1 km3 ) eða óþekktu gosmagni. Langar rauðar línur tákna eldgos með gosefni >0.1 km3. Upplýsingar um gosefnismat eru frá Einarssyni (1962) og Guðmundssyni (2005). Jarðskjálftagögn eru frá E. Tryggvasyni (1978a; 1978b; 1979), K. Ottóssyni (1989); H. Björnssyni og P. Einarssyni (1990); og ISC (2012). JÖKULL No. 64, 2014 63
Page 1
Page 2
Page 3
Page 4
Page 5
Page 6
Page 7
Page 8
Page 9
Page 10
Page 11
Page 12
Page 13
Page 14
Page 15
Page 16
Page 17
Page 18
Page 19
Page 20
Page 21
Page 22
Page 23
Page 24
Page 25
Page 26
Page 27
Page 28
Page 29
Page 30
Page 31
Page 32
Page 33
Page 34
Page 35
Page 36
Page 37
Page 38
Page 39
Page 40
Page 41
Page 42
Page 43
Page 44
Page 45
Page 46
Page 47
Page 48
Page 49
Page 50
Page 51
Page 52
Page 53
Page 54
Page 55
Page 56
Page 57
Page 58
Page 59
Page 60
Page 61
Page 62
Page 63
Page 64
Page 65
Page 66
Page 67
Page 68
Page 69
Page 70
Page 71
Page 72
Page 73
Page 74
Page 75
Page 76
Page 77
Page 78
Page 79
Page 80
Page 81
Page 82
Page 83
Page 84
Page 85
Page 86
Page 87
Page 88
Page 89
Page 90
Page 91
Page 92
Page 93
Page 94
Page 95
Page 96
Page 97
Page 98
Page 99
Page 100
Page 101
Page 102
Page 103
Page 104
Page 105
Page 106
Page 107
Page 108
Page 109
Page 110
Page 111
Page 112
Page 113
Page 114
Page 115
Page 116
Page 117
Page 118
Page 119
Page 120
Page 121
Page 122
Page 123
Page 124
Page 125
Page 126
Page 127
Page 128
Page 129
Page 130
Page 131
Page 132
Page 133
Page 134
Page 135
Page 136
Page 137
Page 138
Page 139
Page 140
Page 141
Page 142
Page 143
Page 144
Page 145
Page 146
Page 147
Page 148
Page 149
Page 150
Page 151
Page 152
Page 153
Page 154
Page 155
Page 156
Page 157
Page 158
Page 159
Page 160

x

Jökull

Direct Links

If you want to link to this newspaper/magazine, please use these links:

Link to this newspaper/magazine: Jökull
https://timarit.is/publication/1155

Link to this issue:

Link to this page:

Link to this article:

Please do not link directly to images or PDFs on Timarit.is as such URLs may change without warning. Please use the URLs provided above for linking to the website.