Jökull


Jökull - 01.01.2014, Side 78

Jökull - 01.01.2014, Side 78
Ingi Þ. Bjarnason Bjarnason, I. Th. and H. Schmeling 2009. The litho- sphere and asthenosphere of the Iceland hotspot from surface waves. Geophys. J. Int. 178, 394–418, doi: 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2009.04155.x Björnsson, S. and P. Einarsson 1981. Jarðskjálftar – „Jörðin skalf og pipraði af ótta“, (in Icelandic). Náttúra Íslands (2. útgáfa), Almenna bókafélagið, Reykjavík, 121–155. Björnsson, H. 1988. Hydrology of Ice Caps in Volcanic Regions. Soc. Sci. Islandica 45, Reykjavík, 139 pp. Björnsson, H. and P. Einarsson 1990. Volcanoes be- neath Vatnajökull, Iceland: Evidence from radio echo- sounding, earthquakes and jökulhlaups. Jökull 40, 147–168. Björnsson, H. and M. T. Guðmundsson 1993. Variations in the thermal output of the subglacial Grímsvötn Caldera, Iceland. Geophys. Res. Lett. 20, 2127–2130. Brandsdóttir, B. 1984. Seismic activity in Vatnajökull in 1900–1982 with special reference to Skeiðarárhlaups, Skaftárhlaups and Vatnajökull eruptions. Jökull 34, 141–150. Browning, J. and A. Gudmundsson, 2015. Caldera faults capture and deflect inclined sheets: an alternative mechanism of ring dyke formation. Bull. Volc. 77:889, doi:10.1007/s00445-014-0889-4. Brune, J. N. 1970. Tectonic stress and the spectra of seis- mic shear waves from earthquakes. J. Geophys. Res. 75, 4997–5009. Correction in J. Geophys. Res. 1971, 76, 5002. Burchardt, S. and T. R. Walter 2009. Propagation, linkage, and interaction of caldera ring-faults: comparison be- tween analogue experiments and caldera collapse at Miyakejima, Japan, in 2000. Bull. Volcanol. 72, 297– 308, doi:10.1007/s00445-009-0321-7. Burchardt, S., D. Tanner, V. Troll, M. Krumbholz and L. Gustafsson 2011. Three-dimensional geometry of concentric intrusive sheet swarms in the Geitafell and the Dyrfjöll Volcanoes, Eastern Iceland. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 12(7): Q0AB09. Carpinteri, A. and M. Paggi 2005. Size-scale effects on the friction coefficient. J. Solid Struct. 42, 2901–2910. Darbyshire, F. A., I. Th. Bjarnason, R. S. White and Ó. G. Flóvenz, 1998. Crustal structure above the Iceland mantle plume, imaged by the ICEMELT refraction profile. Geophys. J. Int. 135,1131–1149, doi:10.1046/j.1365-246X.1998.00701.x. Das, S. and B. V. Kostrov 1986. Fracture of a single as- perity on a finite fault: A model for weak earthquakes, in Earthquake Source Mechanics, AGU, Geophysical Monograph Series 37, edited by Das, S., J. Boatwright and C. H. Scholz. 91-96, doi: 10.1029/GM037p0091. Einarsson, P. 1991. Earthquakes and present-day tectonism in Iceland. Tectonophys. 189, 261–279. Einarsson, P., B. Brandsdóttir, M. T. Guðmundsson, H. Björnsson, K. Grönvold and F. Sigmundsson 1997. Center of the Iceland Hotspot experiences volcanic un- rest. Eos Transactions AGU 78, 369, 374–375. Einarsson, P. and B. Brandsdóttir 1984. Seismic activity preceding and during the 1983 volcanic eruption in Grímsvötn, Iceland. Jökull 34, 13–23. Einarsson, P. and K. Sæmundsson, 1987. Earthquake epi- centers 1982–1985 and volcanic systems in Iceland (Upptök jarðskjálfta 1982–1985 og eldstöðvakerfi á Íslandi), map in: Í hlutarins eðli, Festschrift for Þor- björn Sigurgeirsson (ed. Þ. Sigfússon), Menningar- sjóður. Einarsson, Þ. 1962. Askja og Öskjugosið 1961 (The Askja caldera and 1961 eruption, in Icelandic). Nátt- úrufræðingurinn 32 (1), 1–18. Ekström, G., R. S. Stein,. J. P. Eaton and D. Eberhart- Phillips 1992. Seismicity and geometry of a 110-km long blind thrust fault, 1. The 1985 Kettleman Hills, California, earthquake. J. Geophys. Res. 97, 4843– 4864. Ekström, G. 1994. Anomalous earthquakes on volcano ring-fault structures. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 128, 707– 712. Ekström, G., M. Nettles and A. M. Dziewonski 2012. The global CMT project 2004–2010: Centroid moment tensors for 13,017 earthquakes. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 200–201, 1–9, doi:10.1016/j.pepi.2012.04.002 Evans, J. R. and I. S. Sacks 1980. Lithospheric structure in the North Atlantic from observations of Love and Rayleigh waves. J. Geophys. Res. 85, 7175–7182. Fichtner, A. and H. Tkalc̆ić 2010. Insights into the kine- matics of a volcanic caldera drop: Probabilistic finite- source inversion of the 1996 Bárdarbunga, Iceland, earthquake. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 297, 607–615. Foulger, G. R., M. J. Pritchard, B. R. Julian, J. R. Evans, R. M. Allen, G. Nolet, W. J. Morgan, B. H. Bergsson, P. Erlendsson, S. Jakobsdottir, S. Ragnarsson, R. Stef- ansson and K. Vogfjörd 2001. Seismic tomography shows that upwelling beneath Iceland is confined to the upper mantle. Geophys. J. Int. 146, 504–530. Franzson, H. 1978. Structure and petrochemistry of the Hafnarfjall-Skardsheiði central volcano and the sur- rounding basalt succession, W-Iceland. Ph.D. thesis, 78 JÖKULL No. 64, 2014
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