Jökull - 01.01.2014, Page 129

Monitoring of volcanic eruptions using satellite images
Figure 4. LANDSAT-8 image from NASA and USGS of the new lava on September 6th. Combination of bands
7,6,5 (SWIR, SWIR, NIR) illustrates the glowing parts of the lava (orange), open lava channels (yellow to
green) and vents (blue). The image is pan sharpened and enhanced. The southernmost vent, which became
active on September 5th, is still visible south of the main lava field. – LANDSAT-8 mynd frá NASA og USGS,
tekin 6.9.2014. Samsett mynd með böndum 7,6 og 5 (stuttbylgjuinnrautt, stuttbylgjuinnrautt og nærinnrautt)
sýnir glóandi hluta hraunsins (appelsínugult), opnar hraunrásir (gult yfir í grænt) og gígana (blátt). Búið er að
skerpa myndina til að auðvelda túlkun. Enn sést virkni í syðsta staka gígnum, sem myndaðist 5.9.
showed lava channels and detailed features within the
lava field (Figures 4 and 5).
EO-1 ALI, EO-1 HYPERION, ASTER and
LANDSAT-7 images, day- and night time, were
made available through collaborators at NASA
and USGS, and radar images (SENTINEL-1,
RADARSAT-2, TERRASAR-X, TANDEM-X and
COSMO SKYMED) were used to map lava extent
when available (IES, 2014), as well to study changes
within the lava field (V.J.P.B. Drouin pers. comm.,
2014). Diego Coppola (pers. comm., 2014) made cal-
culations of effusion rates available via the MIRAVI
web site.
A strong link was established between the field
and remote sensing parts of the Volcanology and Nat-
ural Hazards group at the Institute of Earth Sciences
during the eruption, which resulted in maps of the lava
being produced from three times a day in the begin-
ning of the period, and every 2–3 days throughout the
eruption. Comparison of various types of satellite im-
ages (optical, thermal, radar) and on-site observations,
such as with FLIR (Forward Looking Infra Red sys-
tem) were carried out as often as possible. This work
will be presented in more detail later.
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