Læknablaðið : fylgirit - 05.01.2015, Síða 78

X V I I V Í S I N D A R Á Ð S T E F N A H Í
F Y L G I R I T 8 2
78 LÆKNAblaðið/Fylgirit 82 2015/101
V 66 Negative effects of a novel Kudoa species on aquaculture and
wild fisheries
Árni Kristmundsson1, Mark Andrew Freeman2
1Institute for Experimental Pathology at Keldur, University of Iceland, 2Institute of Ocean and
Earth Sciences, University of Malaya
arnik@hi.is
Introduction: Myxosporeans from the genus Kudoa are mostly histozoic
in muscular tissues of fish. Most of the nearly 100 described species
of Kudoa are histozoic in muscular tissues of fish. They are generally
considered non-pathogenic to fish, however a number of Kudoa species
cause great economic losses in both commercial fisheries and aquacult-
ure, due to post mortem proteolysis causing muscle liquefaction.
Methods and data: Farmed and wild spotted wolffish (Anarhichas minor)
and wild Atlantic wolffish (A. lupus) and lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus)
were examined for the presence of Kudoa plasmodia and spores by ste-
reoscope and compound microscope. The parasite found was described
using morphological, histological and molecular methods.
Results: A novel species, Kudoa islandica n. sp. was detected in all three
fish species examined. Infections were common in the farmed spotted
wolffish and gradually intensified during the rearing. Most of the wild
fish examined, regardless of fish species, were found to be infected;
infections being most prevalent and extensive in the lumpfish. The
infections cause severe post mortem myoliquefaction in all fish species.
Conclusions: Post mortem myoliquefaction due to Kudoa infections has
been a concern for years, both in aquaculture and commercial fisheries.
In the rearing of spotted wolffish in Iceland, Kudoa islandica became a big
problem and played a role in the closure of the farm. Furthermore, this
novel Kudoa causes economical loss to lumpfish products and is not host
specific, which is a concern as lumpfish are increasingly used as cleaner
fish in salmonid culture.
V 67 Orku- og próteinneysla hjarta- og lungnaskurðsjúklinga eftir
innleiðingu orkuþéttra matseðla
Áróra Rós Ingadóttir1, Heiða Björg Hilmisdóttir2, Alfons Ramel1,3, Ingibjörg
Gunnarsdóttir1,3
1Rannsóknastofa í næringarfræði, matvæla- og næringarfræðideild Háskóla Íslands og
Landspítala, 2eldhús-matsalir Landspítala, 3matvæla- og næringarfræðideild Háskóla Íslands
aroraros@lsh.is
Inngangur: Í fyrri rannsókn frá 2011 var orku- og próteinneysla sjúklinga
sem lögðust inn á hjarta- og lungnaskurðdeild (12E) minni en áætluð
orku- og próteinþörf. Síðan þá hafa breytingar verið gerðar á matseðlum
Landspítala (LSH) með áherslu á meiri orkuþéttni. Markmiðið var að
kanna orku- og próteinmagn máltíða frá eldhúsi LSH og meta orku- og
próteinneyslu sjúklinga eftir breytingar á samsetningu matseðla.
Efniviður og aðferðir: Orku- og próteinneysla sjúklinga (n=92) sem
lögðust inn á hjarta- og lungnaskurðdeild (12E) á LSH árið 2013 var
borin saman við neyslu sjúklinga úr sambærilegri rannsókn frá árinu
2011 (n=69). Orku- og próteinneysla máltíða frá eldhúsi LSH var metin
með gildismetnu skráningarblaði á þriðja til fimmta degi eftir aðgerð í
báðum rannsóknum. Annar matur og drykkur (meðal annars næringar-
drykkir) var einnig skráður.
Niðurstöður: Heildarorkuinnihald sjúkrahúsmáltíða var meira (1946 ±
65 á móti 1711± 199kkal, P<0,001) en próteininnihald heldur minna (81,5
± 7,2 á móti 85,5 ± 9,9g, P=0,003) í rannsókninni 2013 borið saman við
2011. Sjúklingar neyttu meiri orku frá sjúkrahúsmáltíðum 2013 (1293
± 386 á móti 1096 ± 340kkal, P=0,001) heldur en í rannsókninni 2011.
Próteinneysla reyndist einnig vera heldur meiri (53,8 ± 17,8 á móti 49,1 ±
16,1g, 0,085). Hins vegar leiddi aukin orkuneysla úr sjúkrahúsmáltiðum
ekki til hærri heildarorkuneyslu (1452 ± 389 á móti 1374 ± 394, 0,217),
vegna minni neyslu næringardrykkja og mat að heiman (170 ± 171 á móti
282 ± 207kkal, P<0,001) í rannsókn 2013 samanborið við rannsóknina frá
2011.
Ályktanir: Innleiðing nýrra matseðla með meiri orkuþéttni leiddi til
aukinnar orkuneyslu sjúklinga úr sjúkrahúsmáltíðum. Hins vegar leiddi
það ekki til hærri heildarorkuneyslu vegna minni neyslu næringar-
drykkja og mat að heiman.
V 68 Disease activity and quality of life of patients with psoriatic
arthritis mutilans: The Nordic PAM-Study
Björn Guðbjörnsson1, Ulla Lindqvist2, Lars Iversen3, Leena Paimela4, Leena
Laasonen5, Leif Ejstrup6, Thomas Ternowitz7, Mona Ståhle8
1Center for Rheumatology Research, Landspítali University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine,
University of Iceland,2Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala Universityand Faculty of
Medicine, University of Iceland,3Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital,
4Helsinki University Central Hospital, 5Helsinki Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University
Central Hospital, 6 Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital, 7Department
of Dermatology, Stavanger University Hospital, 8Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine,
Karolinska Institutet
bjorngu@landspitali.is
Introduction: To describe the activity of disease, social status and to as-
sess the health related quality of life in patients with Psoriatic arthritis
mutilans (PAM) in the Nordic countries.
Methods and data: Patients with at least one mutilated joint verified
radiological, were included in the study. Disease activity including joint
and skin, physicians estimated disease activity, patient´s education and
work status was recorded. SF-36, mHAQ and DLQI questionnaires were
obtained and correlated to disease duration, pain and general well-being
(VAS).
Results: 64 patients were included: 30 from Sweden, 19 Denmark, 12
Norway and three patients from Iceland, all with a very early onset of
disease (25±14 years) and a mean disease history of 33 years. Overall
inflammatory activity was of low, number of mean mutilated joints
were 8.2 and gross deformity was found in 16% of the patients. Forty
percent were treated with bDMARD and 32% with csDMARD. Forty-
two percent were early retired or on sick leave. Reduced functional
capacity with almost no ability to perform self-care or daily duties was
reported by 21%. Quality of life was most reduced in patients of 45 to 60
years of age.
Conclusions: PAM has a substantial impact on social functions. Whether
early recognition of PAM and novel therapies will improve the disease
outcome and its consequences on quality of life remains to be studied.
V 69 Staðsetning og stöðugleiki LL-37 í húð einstaklinga með
skellusóra
Eva Ösp Björnsdóttir1,2, Guðmundur Bergsson1, Jenna Huld Eysteinsdóttir1,3,
Helga Kristín Einarsdóttir1, Bjarni Agnarsson2,4, Jón Hjaltalín Ólafsson2,5,6, Bárður
Sigurgeirsson6, Ása Brynjólfsdóttir3, Steingrímur Davíðsson3,5, Björn Rúnar
Lúðvíkssson1,6
1Ónæmisfræðideild Landspítala, 2læknadeild Háskóla Íslands, 3Lækningalind Bláa lónsins,
4meinafræðideild, 5húð- og kynsjúkdómadeild Landspítala, 6Húðlæknastöðinni
bjornlud@lsh.is
Inngangur: Sóri er algengur bólgusjúkdómur með slæma fylgikvilla og
skert lífsgæði. Aukin tjáning á örverudrepandi peptíðum ónæmiskerfis-
ins og breytingar á ensímvirkni í húð hafa nýlega verið tengd meingerð