Læknablaðið : fylgirit - 05.01.2015, Síða 85

X V I I V Í S I N D A R Á Ð S T E F N A H Í
F Y L G I R I T 8 2
LÆKNAblaðið/Fylgirit 82 2015/101 85
með ljósmælingu. Viðmið ljósgleypnimælinga: <0,020=ekki, 0,020-
0,085=þunn, >0,085= þykk örveruþekja.
Niðurstöður: Af stofnum frá miðeyra voru 70% örveruþekjumyndandi,
64% frá berum og 56% frá ífarandi sýkingum. Stofnar af hjúpgerð 6B
mynduðu alltaf örveruþekjur, 19F alltaf nema í 8% berasýna og 6A alltaf
nema í 20% berasýna. Hins vegar myndaði 23F eingöngu örveruþekjur
í 14% sýna frá miðeyra og hjúpgerð 14 eingöngu í 10% nefkokssýna.
Stofnar af hjúpgerðum 19F frá miðeyra mynduðu þykkari örveruþekjur
en stofnar frá berum.
Ályktanir: Pneumókokkar frá öllum sýnaflokkum geta myndað
örveruþekjur á polystyren yfirborði. Örveruþekjumyndun er algengust
í stofnum frá endurteknum miðeyrnasýkingum og bundin tilteknum
hjúpgerðum. Stofnar af hjúpgerð 19F frá endurteknum miðeyrnasýk-
ingum mynduðu marktækt oftar og þykkari örveruþekju en stofnar frá
berum. Tilraunalíkanið gefur áhugaverðar vísbendingar þótt það líki
ekki vel eftir raunverulegum sýkingum.
V 89 The long range interactions of the IRF4 promoter in myeloma
and melanoma
Kristján Hólm Grétarsson, Erna Magnúsdóttir, Eiríkur Steingrímsson
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine,
University of Iceland
khg16@hi.is
Introduction: Chromosomal activities have been linked with both
structural properties and spatial conformations of chromosomes(1)t4.
As chromosome organization is highly dynamic, varying both during
the cell cycle and between different cell types (2) it is interesting to look
at differences in long range chromatin interactions to study the underly-
ing control mechanisms of a gene. The goal of this project is to look at
the long range interactions of elements responsible for the transcription
of the IRF4 gene in myeloma and melanoma using the chromosome
conformation capture (3C) technique which was developed to study
chromatin interactions(1, 3).In the B-cell lineage IRF4 expression leads
to B-cell heavy chain class switch recombination and the generation
of plasma cells from germinal center B cells(4) and is required for the
survival of myeloma cell(5). Additionally, IRF4 plays a role in melanoma
and pigmentation(6).
Methods and data: The 3C technique: The 3 dimensional organization of
the genome is fixed in point with a fixation agent. The fixed chromatin is
digested with a restriction enzyme and the sticky ends of the fragments
are ligated. These ligated fragments, which reflect the interaction
between two genomic loci are then quantified to measure the number
of ligation events, using primers located near the ligation junctions(7).
Results: The 3C technique is working in our hands and can be used to
find long range interactions.
Conclusions: With the 3C method and derived techniques we have the
potential to find cell specific as well as common long range interactions
of the IRF4 promoter and shed light on the molecular mechanism of its
regulation and how it might differ in the different cell types.
V 90 Prediabetes and diabetes are not related to endothelial
dysfunction among patients with unstable coronary syndromes
Linda Björk Kristinsdóttir1, Guðmundur Þorgeirsson1,2, Vilmundur Guðnason1,3,
Sigurður Sigurðsson3, Ísleifur Ólafsson1,2, Erna Sif Arnardóttir1,2, Þórarinn Árni
Bjarnason1,2, Karl Andersen1,2,3
1Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 2Landspítali University Hospital, 3Icelandic Heart
Association
lindabjkr@gmail.com
Introduction: Approximately two thirds of patients with Acute
Coronary Syndromes (ACS) have undiagnosed diabetes or prediabetes.
The aim of this study was to determine whether disturbances in glucose
metabolism are related to endothelial dysfunction in patient with ACS.
Methods and data: Patients with ACS but no known disturbance of
glucose metabolism were consecutively included in a single center
university hospital setting. A standard oral glucose tolerance test and
measurements of fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c were performed
3-5 days after hospitalization, and repeated 8-12 weeks later. Carotid
ultrasound was also performed to determine the extent of plaque form-
ation in each patient. Assessment of endothelial dysfunction was done
with EndoPAT and presented as the Reactive Hyperemia Index (RHI).
Results: Ninety-two patients were consecutively included (mean age
63.5 years, 79% male). Medians of RHI were 1.85 (IQR: 1.59-2.25), 1.78
(IQR: 1.60-2.27) and 1.85 (IQR: 1.40-3.43) in patients with normal glucose
metabolism (32%), prediabetes (51%) and diabetes (17%), respectively
(p=0.83). RHI medians were 2.97 (IQR: 2.97-2.97), 1.82 (IQR: 1.59-2.15),
1.78 (IQR: 1.54-2.22) and 2.09 (IQR: 1.63-2.29) in patients with no,
minmal, moderate or severe stenosis in carotid arteries, respectively
(p=0,41). A negative correlation was seen between RHI and the extent of
coronary artery disease (r=-0.22, p=0.03).
Conclusions: Endothelial dysfunction is not related to metabolic der-
angement among ACS patients. This might indicate that atherosclerosis
in ACS patients is progressed to the extent that the upstream effect of
metabolic derangement and subsequent endothelial dysfunction, can no
longer be detected.
V 91 Truflun í sykurbúskap eykur líkur á æðakölkunarsjúkdómi í
hálsslagæðum hjá sjúklingum með bráð kransæðaheilkenni
Þórarinn Árni Bjarnason1,2, Steinar Orri Hafþórsson2, Erna Sif Óskarsdóttir2,
Linda Björk Kristinsdóttir2, Ísleifur Ólafsson1,2, Sigurður Sigurðsson3, Vilmundur
Guðnason2,3, Karl Andersen1,2,3
1Landspítala, 2læknadeild Háskóla Íslands, 3Hjartavernd
thorarinn21@gmail.com
Inngangur: Sykursýki 2 (SS2) og skert sykurþol eru þekktir áhættu-
þættir fyrir æðakölkun. Markmið rannsóknarinnar var að meta áhrif
SS2 og skerts sykurþols á útbreiðslu æðakölkunar í hálsslagæðum hjá
sjúklingum með brátt kransæðaheilkenni (BKH)
Efniviður og aðferðir: Sjúklingar sem lögðust inn á hjartadeild
Landspítala með áður ógreinda sykursýki var boðið að taka þátt í rann-
sókninni. Mælingar á sykurbúskap (fastandi glúkósi í plasma, HbA1c
og sykurþolspróf) voru gerðar í innlögn og endurteknar þremur mán-
uðum seinna. Æðakölkun var metin með stöðluðum hálsæðaómunum
og flokkuð í enga, litla, í meðallagi og alvarlega æðakölkun.
Niðurstöður: 141 sjúklingar (79% karlar, meðalaldur 63 ár) með BKH
og áður ógreinda SS2 tóku þátt í rannsókninni. Sjúklingar með eðlilegan
sykurbúskap voru 46,8%, 42,6% með skert sykurþol og 10,6% með SS2.
Æðakalkanir í hálsslagæðum voru til staðar í 95, 98 og 100% sjúklinga
með eðlilegan sykurbúskap, skert sykurþol og SS2. Algengi í meðallagi