Árbók Hins íslenzka fornleifafélags - 01.01.1991, Blaðsíða 47

UM ROKKA
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Spinning Wheels,
ivith special reference to
Spindle Wheels
and Horizontal Flyer Spinning Wheels,
Skotrokkar, in Iceland
The present paper, prefaced by an account of spindle spinning (Halasnælda og forn rokkur)
and a short survey of the origin and development of spinning wheels in general (Þróun rokka),
deals mainly with the introduction of spindle wheels, skotrokkar, and flyer spinning wheels,
spunarokkar, into Iceland in tlie 18th century (Hjólrokkar á íslandi á 18. öld), and discusses 19th
and 20th century references to and surviving specimens of the quite rare horizontal flyer
spinning wheels, among other called skotrokkar (Skotrokkar á 19. og 20. öld), making clear the
twofold meaning of this Icelandic terrn. (Discussion of the vertical flyer spinning wheels,
standrokkar, was not within the scope of the paper.)
In present day Icelandic the term skotrokkur stands for a horizontal flyer spinning wheel
of the type called skamlerok in Danish: with a stock parallel to the ground, the wheel supported
between two vertical uprights, a small second stock holding the flyer mechanism, and hori-
zontal rods on either side, connecting the second stock with the uprights, cf. notes 40-46 and
Figures 14, 16, 17, 18, and 19.
The earliest Icelandic reference to skotrokkur known to the author is a document from 1751
concerning a privately owned woollen mill at the farm Leirá in southwestern Iceland which
was established that year; it merged three years later with a state financed woollen mill
founded in 1752 in Reykjavík and operated for about half a century. The document clearly